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Unit 4 Mutations

TermDefinition
Mutation A change in DNA
Point Mutation a mutation affecting only one or very few nucleotides in a gene sequence.
Frameshift Mutation A frameshift mutation (also called a framing error or a reading frame shift) is a genetic mutation caused by indels (insertions or deletions) of a number of nucleotides in a DNA sequence that is not divisible by three.
Karyotype the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species.
Pedigree Chart A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance or phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors from one generation to the next, most commonly humans, show dogs, and race horses.
Protein Synthesis The synthesis of proteins takes two steps: transcription and translation.
Transcription the process by which genetic information represented by a sequence of DNA nucleotides is copied into newly synthesized molecules of RNA, with the DNA serving as a template.
Translation the process by which a sequence of nucleotide triplets in a messenger RNA molecule gives rise to a specific sequence of amino acids during synthesis of a polypeptide or protein.
Created by: Mlopez07
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