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DNA & RNA

Biology Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Phosphate An element that is found as part of the structural components of a nucleotide.
Nitrogen Base A nitrogen-containing molecule with basic properties that is found in nucleic acids; adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil.
Gene A segment of DNA nucleotides that code for a specific protein to be produced and leads to the expression of a hereditary trait or characteristic.
Double Helix Two corkscrew-shaped strands that connect to each other by hydrogen bonds; forms the twisted ladder shape of DNA.
Nucleic Acid A biomolecule composed of nucleotides and carries the genetic information of an organism.
Nucleotide The monomer of nucleic acids; composed of phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen bases.
Chromosome A linear strand of DNA that is wrapped around protein structures; carries the gene sequence of an organism.
Adenine A purine base that pairs with thymine.
Cytosine A pyrimidine base that pairs with guanine.
Guanine A purine base that pairs with cytosine.
Thymine A pyrimidine base that pairs with adenine and is found only in DNA.
Uracil A pyrimidine base that pairs with adenine and is found only in RNA.
Histone A protein that DNA coils around to form chromatin.
DNA Replication The process in which the DNA sequence is copied to form an additional DNA molecule.
Created by: carolinekellyy
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