Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Forensic Intro
Unit 1 Forensic Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Michigan v. Tyler | a trial in which the verdict affirmed that a search warrant must be obtained quickly before a search can commence |
| Mincey v. Arizona | a trial in which the verdict affirmed that search warrants must be obtained if there is reasonable time to obtain them |
| Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals | the 1993 court case that made judges the gatekeeper of the admissibility of evidence into a court proceeding; often referred to as the Daubert standard |
| Frye v. United States | the 1923 court case that established the principle that scientific evidence is admissible only when it is accepted as reliable according to current scientific standards; is often referred to as the Frye standard |
| S I base unit | an SI unit that is not the result of the combination of other SI units; also known as a metric base unit; SIbase units are the basic, fundamental physical measurements |
| Locard's exchange principle | a key idea of criminalistics that states that whenever two objects come in contact with each other, there is a transfer of material between them |
| International System of Units (SI) | the international system, formed from the metric system of units, which is the standard of units in scientific and technical pursuits; in French, Systeme International d'Unites |
| microscopic crime scene | refers to the immediate, localized area of the place where a crime took place |
| laser scanning technology | a photography technique that allows for 3-D reconstruction of crime scenes |
| forensics | a shortened version of the term forensic science; the application of scientific processes to determine the facts of a crime |
| first responder | the police officers who initially appear at the crime scene |
| SI derived unit | an SI unit that is the result of the combination of two or more SI base units; also known as a metric derived unit |
| accuracy | Accuracy means how close a measurement is to the size of the object being measured. |
| adipocere | a soapy, waxy product of fat decomposition in dead bodies |
| chain of custody | the progression of signature accounting that follows evidence from crime scene to storage and states who has had custody of the evidence and when |
| comparison microscope | a modified compound or dissecting microscope that allows the observer to see a side-by-side comparison of two magnified images |
| coroner | a person who examines a corpse to determine cause of death |
| crime scene investigator | a forensic scientist who specializes in searching for evidence, collecting it, and preserving it |
| crime scene photographer | the person responsible for documenting a crime scene (or accident scene) with various forms of photographs |
| crime scene reconstruction | a hypothesis describing the sequence of events before, during, and after the crime was committed |
| criminalistics | the application of scientific principles to the identification, analysis, and evaluation of physical evidence. Criminalistics more precisely describes what happens in a crime laboratory than forensic science |
| detective | a police officer who investigates crimes, surveys the crime scene, interviews witnesses, arrests and interrogates suspects, writes reports, and testifies in court |
| duty to preserve | a sworn obligation to the courts to preserve and protect the evidence for a long time |
| evidence | a thing, or information, used to form a conclusion or make a judgment |
| forensic photographer | a profession involving taking crime scene, criminal identification, disaster, and engineering- or product-failure photographs and giving advice on legal matters involving photography |
| forensic photography | the application of photography to legal issues |
| forensic science | the profession that uses science-based activities and procedures to resolve questions and handle evidence involving criminal (and often civil) incidents |
| fraud | an intentional lie or deception done for personal gain and to the harm of others; a category of crime |
| front directional lighting | a lighting technique used by crime scene photographers to visualize untreated fingerprints on glass surfaces; also called axis lighting |
| inquest | a judicial inquiry into the cause of death |
| low-angle lighting | a photographic lighting technique in which an object is illuminated from the side to create shadows that show details |
| macroscopic crime scene | refers to the entire environment of a crime scene, not limited to the precise location of the crime |
| medical examiner | a doctor certified to determine the cause of death and provide other medical evidence in crimes |
| oblique lighting | a photographic lighting technique in which an object is illuminated from the side to create shadows that show details; also called low-angle lighting |
| paramedic | people who provide emergency medical treatment to stabilize a patient for transport to a hospital |
| precision | an indication of how exact a calculation or measurement is |
| primary crime scene | the site where a crime was first committed |
| secondary crime scene | location related to a crime, but not where the initial crime took place |
| significant figures | the number of digits that are meaningful in a measurement or quantity, based on the precision of the instruments used for measurement |
Created by:
Mrs. betzenberger