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School-Age Child
Growth and Development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the psychosocial stage of development for school-age children? | Industry v. Inferiorty |
| When do school-age children need immediate gratification for their work efforts? | In the beginning of the school-age years. |
| When can children accept delayed rewards? | By age 11 |
| How does a sense of inferiority develop? | Without reinforcement and praise |
| Describe peer relationships for school-age children? | They're generally numerous and of short duration. |
| Whom do children prefer to play with? | Members of the same sex |
| Is it normal for school-age children to be hostile towards family members? | Yes |
| Should parents provide school-age children with privacy? | Yes |
| What is a common fear among school-age children? | Physical harm to self or family members |
| How can fears of physical harm be reduced? | Give realistic reassurance, limit exposure to violent programming |
| Should parents provide school-age children with an allowance? | Yes |
| Should allowances and home chores be kept separate? | Yes |
| Does adult appearance or adult behavior come first? | Adult appearance |
| What can anger represent in the school-age child? | The child's frustration and need for independence. |
| What does physical discipline lead to? | A decrease in the child's self-esteem |
| What are appropriate forms of discipline for the school-age child? | Time outs and explanations of appropriate behavior |
| How are video games beneficial? | Help develop hand-eye coordination and help strengthen problem-solving skills. |
| Who do bullies pick on? | Individuals whose responses provide instant gratification. |
| What should parents do if their child is a bully? | Emphasize that the behavior is unnaceptable,; set clear, firm rules with regard to social behavior, teach negotiation techniques, and set positive examples. |
| What are signs that a child is being bullied? | Physical injuries, sleeping problems, irritability, poor concentration, problems with schoolwork, missing belongings or money, and frequent, unexplained psychosomatic complaints. |
| How should parents react if their child is bullied? | Offer coping strategies, encourage participation in activities that build self-esteem, and avoid intervening if at all possible |
| Where are latch-key children more common? | In rural areas |
| What is Piaget's stage of cognitive development for school-age children? | Concrete operational thought |
| Describe concrete operational thought. | Conservation and causation are mastered. They can place objects in order according to size (seriation). 7-8 year olds have collections of objects. They can take others' views into account. |
| How is school phobia manifested? | Onset of various somatic complaints |
| What are some interventions for school phobia? | Gently encourage a return to school, give support, and treat if necessary |
| Why do 6 year old children react to a situation in terms of morality? | To be rewarded or to avoid punishment |
| What level or moral reasoning are older school-age children at according to Kohlberg? | Conventional |
| How do older school-age children make moral decisions? | Based on what their families or others in society expect of them. |
| Why do school-age children lie? | To improve their self-esteem and status to win recognition; to help cope with new social pressures |
| Should lies be of concern to parents? | No, as long as they're infrequent |
| When do children begin to show reciprocity? | Age 11 |
| How do school-age children use communication? | To communicate their feelings, thoughts, and points of view. |
| Is a secret language normal among school-age children? | Yes |
| What are causes of childhood obesity? | Poor nutrition, unhealthy eating habits, social pressures, and genetics, socioeconomic factors |
| What is the psychological impact of childhood obesity? | Decreased self-esteem |
| What is the style of play for the school-age child? | Team play |
| What is the leading cause of death for school-age children? | Motor vehicle accidents |
| What are the two most common factors that contribute to school violence? | A breakdown in communication in the home and the availability of weapons |
| What are behaviors that can lead to violence? | Difficulty getting along with peers, outbursts of temper, violence directed towards pets, decreased productivity, sleeping and eating patterns, social isolation, and preoccupation with violent media. |
| When should blood pressure monitoring begin? | At age 3 years |
| What labs should be monitored yearly? | Iron and cholesterol in blood and infection and diabetes mellitus in the urine |
| Should school-age children be encouraged to take responsibility for their own safety? | Yes |
| What accounts for the majority of all childhood illnesses? | Upper respiratory infections |
| Which region is scoliosis more common in? | Thoracic |
| How often should dental checkups be conducted? | Every 6 months |
| What is the first tooth to fall out? | The lower central incisor |
| Describe sexual development in the school-age child. | Normal period of latency (Freud). Sexually curious from ages 6-8. |
Created by:
shrewsbury_sd
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