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Chapter 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anxiety | a generalized state of apprehension or foreboding; can be useful in motivating people to take action to maintain health. |
| Anxiety Disorder | involve maladaptive anxiety reactions that cause significant emotional distress or functional impairments |
| Panic Disorder | involves repeated panic attacks with physiological symptoms, thoughts of imminent danger or impending doom with a desire to escape |
| Agoraphobia | an excessive fear of being in public places in which escape may be difficult or help unavailable |
| Phobia | fear of an object or situation that is out of proportion to the threat it poses |
| Specific Phobia | a persistent, excessive fear of a specific object or situation that is out of proportion to the actual danger that they pose |
| Social Anxiety Disorder/Social Phobia | an intense fear of social situations that may cause people to avoid them altogether or endure them with great distress because of all excessive fear of rejection, humiliation or embarrassment. |
| Systematic Desensitization | a fear reduction procedure developed by Joseph Wolpe in the 1950s, it’s a gradual process in which clients learn to progressively deal with disturbing stimuli while they’re relaxed, involves a fear-stimulus hierarchy |
| Fear-stimulus Hierarchy | an arrangement of stimuli in a sequence or hierarchy |
| Gradual Exposure | uses a step approach to gradually have clients confront their feared objects or situations through imagined exposure or in vivo exposure- actual exposure to feared stimuli in real life |
| Flooding | exposure therapy in which clients are exposed to high levels of feared stimuli in imaginary or real life situations |
| Virtual reality therapy | a behavior therapy technique that uses computer generated simulated environments |
| Cognitive Restructuring | method in which therapists help clients find self-defeating thoughts and think of rational alternatives they can use to cope with anxiety producing situations |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) | a disorder in which excessive anxiety and worry aren’t limited to specific objects or situations |
| Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) | a disorder with recurrent obsessions or compulsions or both that are time-consuming (more than 1 hour a day) or causes significant distress or interference with one’s functioning |
| Obsessions | recurrent, persistent and unwanted thoughts, urges or mental images beyond one’s control |
| Compulsions | repetitive behavior or mental acts one feels compelled or driven to perform |
| Body Dysmorphic Disorder | disorder that involves a preoccupation with imagined or exaggerated physical defects in one’s appearance that causes feelings of being ugly or disfigured |
| Hoarding Disorder | a newly recognized disorder in the DSM that is characterized by accumulation and need to retain piles of unnecessary and useless possessions which leads to emotional distress and/or difficulty maintaining a safe, habitable living space |
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