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Mitosis
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Prophase | - long strands of DNA condense to distinct chromosomes, each with two chromatids that are exact copes of each other - the nuclear membrane disappears |
| Telophase | new nuclear membranes form |
| Metaphase | chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell |
| Anaphase | - chromatids of each chromosome split into two separate chromosomes - separated chromosomes pull to the opposite ends of the cell |
| Cytokinesis | - cell pinches and divides - is the division of the parent cell's cytoplasm |
| animal cell | the cell membrane pinches; membrane forms around each cell |
| plant cell | a cell plate forms where the cell wall will divide the two cells |
| DNA | a chemical that contains information for an organism's growth and functions |
| Chromosomes | compacted DNA |
| Cetromere | holds together chromatids |
| Chromatids | a duplicated chromosome consists of two |
| cell cycle | the normal sequence of development and division of a cell |
| Interphase | the part of the cell cycle during which a cell is not dividing |
| Mitosis | the part of the cell cycle during which the nucleus divides |
| Asexual Reproduction | - one organism produces one or more new organisms that are identical to itself and that live independently of it - one parent organism, rate of reproduction is rapid, offspring identical to parent |
| Binary Fission | occurs when the parent organism splits in two, producing two completely independent daughter cells |
| budding | a process in which an organism develops tiny buds on its body |
| regeneration | the process of new tissue growth at sites of a lost limb |
| Sexual Reproduction | two parent organisms, rate of reproduction is slower than rate for asexual reproduction, offspring have genetic information from two parents |
| a plant cutting is | genetically identical |
| a new plant from seed is | genetically similar |
| a cell produces two genetically identical daughter cells when it | undergoes mitosis |
| most multi cellular organisms grow and develop because their cells | continue to divide |
| Which of the following correctly sequences the steps in the cell cycle? | interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis |
| cells prepare for cell division during | interphase by duplicating their DNA |
| After mitosis, the number of chromosomes in a daughter cell is | the same as the number in the parent cell |
| Asexual reproduction in most organisms involves | mitosis by one parent |
| A leaf breaks off a plant. Someone puts the stem of the leaf into water. Roots eventually grow from the stem. This is an example of | rengeneration |
| characteristic of asexual reproduction | it can result in large numbers of offspring |
| as you become an adult, the cells in your body | keep dividing |
| How do cells share genetic material? | they divide |
| - the cell cycle beings with - A cell grows and carries out life functions in | interphase |
| How does a cell prepare for mitosis? | it makes exact copies of its DNA |
| A cell grows and carries out life functions in | a cell plate grows between the two new nuclei |
| The offspring produced by asexual reproduction | are genetically identical to their parents |
| The cell cycle ends with | cytokinesis |
| What are the smallest units able to perform the basic activities of life? | cell |
| New cells form as the result of | a division of existing cells |
| All of the cells in your hand have | one complete copy of DNA |
| all cells come from | cells |
| DNA must be duplicated before mitosis so that | each daughter cell gets a complete copy of DNA |
| the steps of mitosis | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| During interphase, | the DNA in chromatin is duplicated |
| When a cell prepares to divide, its genetic information condenses from a mass of loose strands into tightly wound structures called | Chromosomes |
| An organism that produces other organisms is called | a parent |
| organisms produced through mitosis | are exact copies of the parent |
Created by:
dakymc
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