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PCS Earth Science

Chapter 11 Vocabulary - Atmosphere

TermDefinition
coalescence process that occurs when cloud droplets collide and form larger droplets, which eventually become too heavy to remain aloft and can fall to Earth as precipitation
condensation the change form a gas to a liquid
condensation nuclei microscopic particles on which water vapor condenses to form cloud droplets
convection process by which, in a fluid being heated, the warmer part of the mass will rise and the cooler portions will sink
dew point temperature at which air becomes fully saturated with water vapor and condensation forms
evaporation the change of a liquid to a gas
exosphere the outer layer of the thermosphere, extending outward into space
heat energy in transit due to a temperature difference between the source from which the energy is coming and a sink toward which the energy is going
humidity amount of water vapor per volume of air, often measured in grams of water per cubic meter of air
lifted condensation level height at which condensation occurs, which often corresponds with the base of clouds
mesosphere 3rd layer of the atmosphere 50 to 80 km, most meteorites burn up here; the layer of the Earth's atmosphere immediately above the stratosphere
orographic lifting cloud formation that occurs when warm moist air is forced to rise up the side of a mountain
ozone a form of oxygen that has three oxygen atoms in each molecule instead of the usual two
radiation energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles
relative humidity amount of water vapor in the air relative to the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold at a given temperature before becoming saturated (filled)
stability the state or quality of being stable
stratosphere 12 to 50 km, ozone held here, absorbs UV radiation
temperature a measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
temperature inversion a deviation from the normal temperature distribution in the atmosphere, resulting in a layer of cold air temporarily trapped near the ground by a wamer, upper layer
thermosphere the uppermost layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude increases
troposphere 0-17 km above Earth's surface, site of weather, organisms, contains most atmospheric water vapor. (temperature decreases with increasing altitude, pressure decreases)
conduction form of heat transfer where heat energy is directly transferred between molecules through molecular collisions or direct contact
Created by: Ms.Sala
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