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U8 Glossary
Glossary Unit 8 Pearson Science 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Artificial satellites | satellites place into orbit by humans |
| Asteroid | an irregular rocky object in orbit around the Sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter |
| Asteroid Belt | a group of rocks that orbit the Sun in a band between Mars and Jupiter |
| Comet | a ball of ice, dust and rock that orbits the Sun in a highly elliptical orbit |
| Gas giants | the large planets of the outer solar system: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune |
| Meteor | a meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere, usually creating a bright streak across the sky as it burns up; a shooting star |
| Meteorite | a meteor big enough for part of it to hit the ground |
| Meteoroid | a small particle or body of rock that orbits the Sun near Earth's orbit |
| Milky Way | the galaxy in which the solar system is located |
| Phases | different shapes of the Moon as seen from Earth |
| Solar System | the Sun and all the planets, satellites, asteroids, comets and other bodies revolving around it |
| Terrestrial | Earth-like, rocky. The terrestrial plants are Mercury, Venue, Earth and Mars |
| Astronomer | a scientist who studies the stars, planets and other celestial objects |
| Constellation | a group of stars which form a recognisable pattern in the night sky |
| Dwarf planet | a small celestial body that is in orbit around the Sun and is nearly round in shape but with insufficient gravity to sweep its orbit |
| Geocentric model | model of the universe with Earth at its centre |
| Heliocentric model | model of the universe with the Sun at its centre |
| Retrograde motion | apparent loop-like motion of the planets as seen from Earth |
| Eclipse | the total or partial obscuring of one celestial body by another |
| Ellipse | oval shape |
| Gravitational force field | invisible field that causes masses to be attracted to each other |
| Lunar eclipse | when the Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon |
| Orbit | path a planet takes around a star, or a moon or artificial satellite takes around a planet |
| Penumbra | less dense shadow of an eclipse |
| Satellite | object in orbit around another larger object |
| Solar eclipse | when the Moon blocks sunlight from reaching Earth |
| Tides | bulges in the ocean caused by the combined gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun |
| Umbra | full, dark shadow of an eclipse |
| Axis | the line connecting the North Pole with the South Pole. The Earth rotates around this axis |
| Day | the time a planet takes to rotate once completely on its own axis |
| Revolution | one complete orbit around the Sun |
| Seasons | on Earth, summer, autumn, winter, spring; caused by the tilt of a planet's axis |
| Year | the time a planet takes to revolve once around the Sun |
Created by:
AlexVaccher
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