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Earthquake/ Volcano
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Focus | in an earthquake, the point underground where the rocks first begin to move |
Epicenter | the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake |
Seismic waves - primary & secondary | the vibrations caused by an earthquake |
Seismograph | an instrument that constantly records ground movements (seismic waves) |
Richter Scale | a scale that allows scientists to determine earthquake strength based on many readings (1-10 scale / 6+ very destructive) |
Cinder Cone Volcano | a cinder cone is a steep, cone-shaped hill formed by the eruption of cinders and other rock fragments that pile up around a single crater |
Composite Volcano | a composite volcano is a cone-shaped volcano built up of layers of lava and layers of rock fragments - steep near the top and flattens out toward the bottom |
Shield Volcano | a shield volcano is shaped like a broad, flat dome. Lava is low in silica and therefore flows easily and spreads out in thin layers (Hawaiian islands) |