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Minerals- Earth Sci
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| magnetite | There are many uses for this mineral. It is added to water to take out other minerals. This helps to control algae. It is also used in paints and inks, even hair dye and nail polish |
| hardness | a measure of a mineral's resistance to scratching. |
| luster | the way that light reflects from the surface of a mineral |
| color | a property of an object that depends upon the wavelengths of light reflected by the object |
| streak | the color of a mineral in powdered form |
| cleavage | a property of certain minerals that causes them to break along distinct planes in their crystal structures where the atomic bonds are weakest; these cleavage planes may be in one or several directions |
| fracture | the property of certain minerals that causes them to break into pieces with arclike, rough, or jagged edges |
| Mohs hardness scale | a standard of ten minerals used to rate a mineral's resistance to scratching |
| crystal form | the characteristic shape created by the systematic internal arrangement of atoms in a mineral |
| specific gravity | the ratio of the mass of any volume of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of pure water at 4 degrees Celsius |
| density | an object's mass divided by its volume; a measure of the amount of matter in a given amount of space; calculated using the equation d=m/v |
| solubility | the amount of a substance (solute) that will dissolve in another substance (solvent) at a certain volume and temperature |
| dissolve | to add a solid material to a liquid in such a way that its particles completely disperse into the liquid, usually becoming invisible within the liquid |
| acid | a substance that has a pH below 7; will increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution |
| florescence | a property of certain minerals that emit visible light in the form of bright colors during exposure to ultraviolet light and absorption of ultraviolet radiation |
| phosphorescence | a property of certain fluorescent chemicals or minerals that continue to glow after an ultraviolet source has been removed |
| chatoyancy | an optical property of certain minerals, in which a movable, wavy or silky sheen is concentrated in a narrow band of reflected light that changes its position as the mineral is turned |
| double refraction | an optical property of certain minerals that splits a beam of ordinary light into two beams that travel through the crystal at different speeds |
| crystal lattice | an ordered, three-dimensional, repeating arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystal |
| radioactivity | the spontaneous emission of radiation, which is the process in which unstable atoms break down into smaller atoms, releasing energy |
| magnetic | having the properties of a magnet; having the ability to be attracted to or by a magnet |
| magnet | an object with a north and south pole that produces a magnetic field (related term: magnetism, magnetic) |
Created by:
mrsklann
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