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History of Medicine
This information creates an awarenes of the history and trends of health care.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Clara Barton | Known for founding the American red cross in 1881. |
| The Chinese | Practiced and used acupuncture to relieve pain and congestion. |
| Marie Curie | She isolated radium in 1910, making a breakthrough for radiation in medicine. |
| Leonardo Da Vinci | Was an artist that was able to depict the human body and it's anatomy by using dissection. |
| Dark Ages | The emphasis was placed on saving the soul (spiritual) and the study of medicine was prohibited. They prayed to try to treat epidemics. |
| Dorothea Dix | Was appointed the superintendent of Female nurses of the army in 1861. |
| The Egyptians | The earliest group of people that were known to maintain and keep record of accurate health records. |
| Gabriel Fahrenheit | The inventor that created the first mercury thermometer. |
| Sir Alexander Fleming | Discovered penicillin. |
| Andreas Vesalius | Can be referred to as "Father of modern human anatomy.". Investigated anatomy by dissecting bodies. He wrote a book on all he had discovered about anatomy (De humani corporis fabrica) that is now one of the greatest medical books. |
| William Harvey | Studied beating of heart and blood flow. He discovered that blood circulated throughout the entire body, through arteries, valves and veins, only to go back to the heart. |
| Karl Landsteiner | Discovered different blood types and made blood transfusions accurate and safe. |
| Dr. Horace Wells, Crawford Long & William Morton | Found a more pain-relieving and workable anesthesia by mixing two chemicals (laughing gas and ether). |
| Wilhelm Roentgen | Discovered X-rays in 1895. |
| Ignaz Semmelweis | Saw a connection between bacteria and germs and created the practice of washing your hands before a procedure (hand disinfection standards) |
| Louis Pasteur | Created the pasteurization process and made the germ theory (proved that germs lead to diseases). Also developed rabies vaccine. |
| Edward Jenner | Developed vaccine against smallpox. |
| Jonas Salk | Developed the polio vaccine in 1952. |
| James Lind | Discovered the importance of a diet with citric fruits (scurvy). |
| Howard Florey & Erns Chain | Further developed penicillin and made it a "miracle" antibiotic to cure infections. |
| Gerhard Domagk | Known for sulfa drugs, more specifically the development of sulfonamides such as Prontosil |
| Sir Frederick Grant Banting, Charles Best &John James Rickard Macleod | Insulin for diabetes, and the affect of diet and oral meds for Diabetes |
| Michael Bishop & Harold Varmus | Created a better understanding on cancer cells. Proved that we all have cancer cells, though in some of us they may be inactive. |
| Luk Montagnier & Robert Gallo | Uncovered the cause of AIDS also known as the retro virus HIV |
| Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins | Discovered the importance of vitamins and proper nutrition |
| Joseph Murray | Performed first successful human kidney transplant |
| Hippocrates | Father of Medicine |
| Robert Koch | Developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens |
| Joseph Lister | Began using antiseptics and disinfectants during surgery (think of listerene as a disinfectant to kill bad breath during a dental cleaning) |
| Gregory Mendel | Established patterns of hereditary |
| Florence Nightingale | Founder of Modern Nursing (began professional education of nurses). |
| Rhazes | Arabic physician who used animal gut for suture material |
| Romans | Began public health and sanitation systems |
| Ancient times | Had limited knowledge and believed that illnesses believed to be caused by evil spirits and demons (explained by religion) |
| Jewish medicine | Avoided medical practice and concentrated on health rules concerning food, cleanliness, and quarantine |
| Greek Medicine | Were the first to study causes of diseases and research helped eliminate superstitions. Finally, sanitary practices were associated with the spread of disease |
| Four things Hippocrates stressed | Good diet, fresh air,cleanliness and exercise |
| Rod of Asclepius | Greek symbol associated with medicine and healing |
| René Laennec | Invented the Stethescope in 1819 |
| The Renaisance | Rebirth of the science of medicine Human dissection to view body organs |
| 16th, 17th and 18th centuries | The knowledge of human body greatly increased and the microscope was invented as well as Apothecaries (early pharmacists) made, prescribed, and & sold medications. Finally the smallpox vaccine was discovered. |
| 19th century | Development of machinery and inventions like the stethoscope, nurse training programs and infection control |
| 20th century | First open-heart surgery in 1950s and computer technology in every aspect of health care |
| 21st century | Technological advancements in medicine still being developed and made |
Created by:
rockylover1111
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