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Unit 1 Vocab

Nature of Science

TermDefinition
SCIENTIFIC THEORY The explanation of some phenomenon that is based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning; that is supported by a large quantity of evidence; and that does not conflict with any existing experimental results or observations.
Observation The process of obtaining information by using the senses. The term can also refer to the information obtained by using the senses.
EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE the observations, measurements, and other types of data that people gather and test to support and evaluate scientific explanations.
SCIENTIFIC LAW A descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions.
INDEPENDENT/TEST VARIABLE In a scientific investigation, the factor that is deliberately manipulated.
DEPENDENT/OUTCOME VARIABLE In a scientific investigation, the factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more independent variables.
CONTROL GROUP A group in a scientific study that is given nothing special to compare it with a group given something scientists are testing.
Experiment An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions. Scientist often conduct experiments to find out the cause of something they have observed.
Scientific Model A representation of an object or a system. Models are useful for studying things that are too large, small, or complex to accurately observe.
Hypothesis A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation.
Data Information gathered by observation or experimentation that can be used in calculating or reasoning.
Replication Replication occurs when an investigation is repeated by a different person. When a scientist replicates another person’s experiment, they should achieve the same results.
Repetition Repetition occurs when an investigation is repeated by the same person. When a scientist repeats their own experiment, they should achieve similar results each time.
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