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Unit 1 and 2 vocab
Physical properties and safety
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bunsen Burner | Uses a flame to heat objects |
| Notebook | Used to record data |
| Hot Plate | Uses electricity to heat objects |
| Test Tube | Glass tube used to hold liquids |
| Graduated Cylinder | Used to measure the exact amount and volume of liquids |
| Meter Stick | Used to measure length |
| Stopwatch | Used to measure time |
| Eyedropper | Allows you to add a small amount of liquid one drop at a time |
| Beaker | A cylindrical container used to hold and measure liquids |
| Flask | A narrow necked container used to hold and measure liquids or powders |
| Spring Scale | Measures the weight of an object using gravity to pull on it |
| Balance Scale | Measures the weight of an object by comparing it to something with a known weight |
| Triple Beam Balance | Instrument used to measure mass very precisely |
| Gloves | Used to protect hands |
| Goggles | Used to protect eyes |
| Funnel | Makes pouring easier |
| Lab Apron | Used to protect clothing |
| Strainer or Sieve | Separates bigger materials from smaller ones |
| Waft | Fan the air to get the scent of the smell |
| Dispose | To throw away or get rid of something |
| Prevent | To keep something from happening |
| Procedure | Steps followed during an experiment |
| Variable | The part of an experiment that you change |
| Scientific Method | Problem, Hypothesis, Materials, Procedure, Observations, and Conclusion |
| Observation | Noticing something about the world around you |
| Inference | Using clues to find the answer |
| Classify | To put into groups |
| Investigation | The scientific process used to answer questions by collecting data; you change one variable and everything else stays the same |
| Hypothesis | An educated guess that is backed by reasonable information |
| Data | Information found during an investigation that is recorded and organized |
| Conclusion | The end of the investigation where you determine if your hypothesis was correct |
| Mass | How much matter is in something. Measured in grams using a triple beam balance and always stays the same |
| Volume | How much space something takes up. Measured in liters or milliliters. Example: Graduated cylinder |
| Thermometer | Measures temperature. How hot or cold something is in Celsius |
| Buoyancy | The ability to float. Typically due to its shape or because it is less dense than water |
| Density | The amount of molecules in matter that effect whether or not it is buoyant |
| Weight | The measurement of the pull of gravity of an object |
| Gravity | A force that pulls towards the center of a heavenly body |
| Physical Properties | Parts of an object that can be observed using the five senses |
| Phases or States of Matter | Solid, liquid or gas |
| Physical Change | A change from one form to another without creating a new substance (ice melting, cutting paper, shredding cheese) |
| Chemical Change | A change that produces a new substance (metal rusting, vinegar and baking Soda reaction, food molding) |
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space (solid, liquid, gas) |
| Molecules | A particle of matter made up of two or more atoms |
| Atom | The basic unit of matter |
| Solid | Matter that retains a definite size and shape: The molecules are packed together tightly |
| Liquid | Matter that retains a definite size, but not a definite shape |
| Gas | Matter that does NOT retain a definite size or shape. The molecules are far apart and move rapidly |
| Boiling Point of Water | 100° C |
| Freezing Point of Water | 0° C |
| Melting Point | The temperature at which point a substance changes from a solid to a liquid. 0° C is the melting point of water |
| Evaporation | The point at which water turns to water vapor |
| Condensation | The point at which water vapor turns back to water |
| Constant Property | Property of matter that does NOT change. It stays the same |
| Magnetism | The force of attraction or repel between 2 objects usually metal (iron, nickel, Cobalt & steel) |
| Attract | A force that causes objects to pull together |
| Repel | A force that causes objects to push back or away from one another |
| Mixture | Two or more substances that when mixed together can be separated easily (trail mix, fruit salad) |
| Solution | Two or more substances that when mixed together can NOT be separated (salt water, sweet tea) |
| Soluble | Something that can be dissolved (sugar, salt) |
| Solvent | The liquid that does the dissolving (water) |
| Filtration | A process using a strainer to separate the larger particles in a mixture |
| Settling | Allows the dense materials to sink to the bottom |
| Dissolve | To add solid or gas to a liquid so that the particles get so small you can no longer see them |
| Ingredients | The individual substances added to a mixture |
| Potential Energy | Stored energy. No motion is taking place. This depends on an object's position. Ex. A ball NOT rolling, a still roller coaster at the top of the track, a book on a shelf |
| Kinetic Energy | The energy of motion. This depends on mass and speed. Ex. A book falling or a ball rolling |
| Friction | The force in which two things rub against each other (It causes things to heat up and slow down) |
| Force | A push or a pull |
| Pressure | To apply a force on the Surface of an object |
| Motion | A change in the position of an object |
| Energy | The ability to do work (potential, kinetic, chemical, mechanical, electrical, heat, light and sound) |
| Mechanical Energy | Work done from something that with moving parts |
| Conductor | A material that allows heat energy or electricity to pass through it easily (usually metal) |
| Insulator | A material that does not let heat energy or electricity pass through it easily (plastic, rubber, cloth, wood, Styrofoam) |
| Thermal | Another word for heat |
| Solar Energy | Energy produced by the Sun |
| Radiation | The movement of thermal energy through space |
| Heat Resistant | Able to withstand heat |
| Absorb | To take in or soak up |
| Convection | The movement of heat energy through liquids and gases in currents. Heat rises when it cools then it sinks (lava lamp) |
| Current Electricity | The flow of electrons through a conductor or path. Will produce light, heat or sound |
| Circuit | A closed path that electrons flow through, made up of a source, path, switch and resistor |
| Static Electricity | Electric charge that builds up on an object and instead of flowing as a current, it creates a spark |
| Source/Cell | Electricity from a battery, solar, cell, fossil fuels or wind generators |
| Path | A wire that a current flows through |
| Switch | Turns a circuit on and off |
| Resistor/Load | The object you want to work (light, TV, radio) |
| Electromagnet | temporary magnet made of Wire wrapped around a piece of iron hooked up to a battery |
| Series Circuit | An electric circuit in which electrons have only one path to take. If one light goes out or is removed, they all go out |
| Parallel Circuit | A circuit where the electrons have many paths to take. If one light is removed the other lights will still work and will get brighter |
| Reflect | The bouncing off of light rays from a surface (Enters and exits at the same angle) (Mirror, still water) |
| Refract | The bending of light as it moves from one material into another (Rainbows, pencil in water) |
| Visible Light Spectrum | The mixture of Colors of White light broken into their individual colors of the rainbow (ROY G BIV) |
| Convex Lens | Thicker in the middle, makes objects look bigger |
| Concave Lens | Lens is thinner in the middle, makes objects look smaller |
| Transparent | Clear, all light can pass through |
| Translucent | Cloudy, some light can pass through (Wax Paper, Stain Glass Window) |
| Opaque | No light can pass through (Trying to look through a wooden desk) |
| Sound | Created when molecules vibrate. The closer the molecules the better sound travels. Solid Carries sound the best |
| Vibration | Back and forth motion of a substance that produces sound |
Created by:
Justin.magers
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