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Molecules & Mixtures
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Element | A substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by physical or chemical means. It is made of one type of atom. |
| Molecule | A group of 2 or more atoms held together by chemical bonds |
| Compound | A substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a set ratio. |
| Pure Substances | A single kind of matter that has a specific makeup or composition. It can't be easily separated. It can be either an element OR a compound.... just made of one type of "stuff". |
| Mixture | Two or more substances that are together in the same place, but their atoms are NOT chemically bonded. These CAN be physically separated. |
| Heterogeneous | A mixture in which you can see the different parts and can easily separate them out. |
| Homogeneous | A mixture that is so evenly mixed that you can’t differentiate the parts simply by looking at the mixture. |
| Solution | A type of mixture where one part of the mixture is dissolved in the other part. |
| Solvent | The part of the solution that is present in the largest amount. It dissolves the other substances. *** Usually Water*** |
| Solute | The substance that is dissolved by the solvent Examples: The lemon juice & sugar in lemonade |
| Saturation | When you have added so much of a solute that no more dissolves |
| Magnetic Attraction | Using a magnet to pull magnetic objects out of a mixture. Ex: separating metal and sand |
| Filtration | Pouring a mixture through a filter to separate solids from liquids. Ex: Separating sand and water |
| Distillation | Liquids are heated until one of them boils, and turns into gas, which is moved away from the original liquid. The gas cools into the separated liquid. Ex: Separating alcohol and water |
| Evaporation | The liquid evaporates away, leaving the solids behind. Ex: Separating salt and water |
| Acids | React with metals and carbonates. Taste sour. Turn blue litmus paper red. Less than 7 on the pH scale. |
| Bases | Taste Bitter. Feel Slippery. Do NOT react with metal or carbonates. Often used for cleaning. Turn red litmus paper blue. More than 7 on the pH scale. |
| Salts | A neutral compound that can be made from the combination of an acid and a base. Are made of crystals and are ALWAYS compounds! |
Created by:
Stszerdy
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