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7 Unit 2 vocab
Unit 2 vocab 7th grade
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| algae | eukaryotic organisms that contain chlorophyll and live in water; can be single-celled or multicellular |
| element | a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means |
| eukaryote | an organism with a cell type that contains specialized organelles in the cytoplasm and membrane bound nucleus. Has a nucleus! |
| function | the action or role of a person, thing, or institution; the purpose for which something is designed or exists. |
| organelle | a specialized part or organ within the cytoplasm of a cell; has a specific function. |
| organism | a form of life composed of many different parts that work together and maintain various vital processes. |
| prokaryote | an organism whose cells have NO defined nuclei and no organelles in the cytoplasm. (except ribosomes) |
| cell | the tiniest part of an organism that is considered alive is the cell |
| mitochondria | long, sausage shaped organelles made of two membranes; turn sugar into energy |
| nerve cells | the messengers of the body; neurons |
| endoplasmic reticulum | large, folded membranes that connect the nucleus to the cell membrane and carry messages from the nucleus to the other parts of the cell |
| ribosomes | round organelles that build helpful proteins |
| Golgi Bodies | process and package proteins before sending them to their destinations |
| organelles | specialized parts or organs within the cytoplasm of a cell |
| vacuoles | bubble like containers that store materials; hold large amounts of starch, water, and sugar that plants need to grow |
| chloroplasts | found only in plant cells; filled with chlorophyll that uses energy from sunlight to make food |
| red blood cells | carry oxygen to the rest of the cells throughout the body |
| function | the action or role of a person, thing, or institution; the purpose for which something is designed or exists |
| animalcule | an extremely small or microscopic animal nearly or completely invisible to the naked eye |
| beam | a ray or group of rays, as from a beacon |
| magnify | to increase the apparent size of, as a lens does |
| lens | a curved piece of glass that gathers light and magnifies the object |
| objective lens | the lens closest to the viewing platform |
| slide | clear glass where the object is placed |
| coverslip | keeps the object in position |
| eyepiece lens | the lens through which a person looks; at the top of the microscope |
| adjustment knobs | help put the object in focus |
| diaphragm | controls how much light passes through the lens |
| cellular respiration | the process by which cells use glucose (sugar) and oxygen to gain energy |
| centriole | a small, cylindrical cell organelle near the nucleus in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells; involved in cell division |
| centromere | a specialized region of the chromosome; appears during cell division as the central point where the two copies (strands) of DNA are held together, forming an X shape |
| chromosome | threadlike body composed of DNA; carries genetic material |
| exhale | to breathe out |
| exocytosis | the transport of material out of a cell by means of a vesicle that engulfs the material and releases it through an opening in the cell membrane |
| meiosis | the reproduction of sex cells; parent cell divides twice to create four new cells |
| mitosis | the process of eukaryotic cell division |
| immune system | a large group of white blood cells that fight disease in a human or animal |
Created by:
Hillerywest
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