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BIOL 114
Word Roots
| Term | Definition | |
|---|---|---|
| hypo | below | (hypothesis: a tentative explanation) |
| aqua | water | (aqueous: a type of solution in which water is the solvent) |
| co; valent | together; strength | (covalent bond: an attraction between atoms that share one or more pairs of outer-shell electrons) |
| iso | equal | (isotope: an element having the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons) |
| neutr | neither | (neutron: a subatomic particle with a neutral electrical charge) |
| di; sacchar | two; sugar | (disaccharide: two monosaccharides joined together) |
| glyco; gen | sweet; producing | (glycogen: a polysaccharide sugar used to store energy) |
| hydro; lyse | water; break | (hydrolysis: breaking chemical bonds by adding water) |
| iso; meros | equal; part | (isomer: molecules with similar molecular formulas but different structures) |
| macro | big | (macromolecules: a giant molecule in living organisms) |
| mono | single | (monosaccharide: simplest type of sugar) |
| philic | loving | (hydrophilic: water-loving property of a molecule) |
| phobos | fearing | (hydrophobic: water-repelling property of a molecule) |
| poly | many | (polymer: a chain made from smaller organic molecules) |
| sclero | hard | (atherosclerosis: hardening of the arteries) |
| tri | three | (triglyceride: a glycerol molecule joined with three fatty acid molecules) |
| chloro | green | (chloroplast: the green organelle of photosynthesis) |
| chromo | color | (chromosome: a threadlike, darkly staining structure packaging DNA in the nucleus) |
| cili | small hair | (cilium: a short, hair like cellular appendage with a microtubule core) |
| cyto | cell | (cytoplasm: cell region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane) |
| endo | inner | (endomembrane system: an internal system of membranous organelles) |
| eu | true | (eukaryotic: cell type with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other organelles) |
| extra | outside | (extracellular: the substance around animal cells) |
| flagell | whip | (flagellum: a long, whiplike cellular appendage that moves cells) |
| micro | small | (microtubule: microscopic tubular filaments contributing to the cytoskeleton) |
| plasm | molded | (plasma membrane: the thin layer that sets a cell apart from its surroundings) |
| pro | before | (prokaryotic: the first cells, lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other organelles) |
| reticul | network | (endoplasmic reticulum: membranous network where proteins are produced) |
| trans | across | (transport vesicles: membranous spheres that move materials across a cell) |
| vacu | empty | (vacuole: sac that buds from the ER, Golgi apparatus, or plasma membrane) |
| endo | within, inner | |
| cyto | cell | (endocytosis: taking material into a cell) |
| exo | outside | (exocytosis: eliminating some materials outside of a cell) |
| hyper | excessive | (hypertonic: in comparing two solutions, it refers to the one with the greater concentration of solutes) |
| hypo | lower | (hypotonic: in comparing two solutions, it refers to the one with the lower concentration of solutes) |
| kinet | move | (kinetic: type of energy, it is the energy of motion) |
| phago | eat | (phagocytosis: cellular eating) |
| pino | drink | (pinocytosis: cellular drinking) |
| tonus | tension | (isotonic: solutions with equal concentrations of solutes) |
| eco | house | (ecology: the study of how organisms interact with their environments) |
Created by:
EdL
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