Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
patho1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a prognosis? | the LIKELY cause of a medical condition |
| What is the definition of sequelae? | the consequences of a particular condition or therapeutic intervention |
| What are the 3 levels of disease prevention and a definition of each. | primary (prevent transmission - immunizations), secondary (screening and testing - mammograms), tertiary (prevent complications of a disease that already exists - taking a baby aspirin per day) |
| What is epidemiology? | the study of patterns of disease in large groups of people |
| Turner's Syndrome is missing the (blank) chromosome? | X |
| First line of tissue defence? | barriers, mucous membranes, tears, saliva |
| Second line of tissue defence? | acute inflammatory response |
| 5 major local signs and symptoms of inflammation | 1) redness 2) swelling 3)heat 4)pain 5)loss of function |
| Definition of autoimmunity? | attacks own tissues |
| Deinition of alloimmunity? | rejection of other person's tissues (transplant, blood transfusion) |
| Gammaglobulin therapy, transplantation/transfusion, and gene therapy are all treatments for...? | immunodeficientcies |
| Hypogammaglobulinemia? | low levels of immunoglobulins |
| Agammaglobulinemia? | No circulating immunoglobulins |
| Bruton agammaglobulinemia? | caused by blockage of development of mature B-cells in bnursal equivalent tissue (otitus media, sore throat) |
| DiGeorge Syndrome? | abnormal facial development, low ears, wide set eyes, short upper lip. Caused by partial or complete absence of T-cell immunity |
| Type 1 Hypersensitivity? | allergy, IgE mediated, against enviro antigens, IgE binds to receptors on surface of mast cells, histamine release |
| Type 2 Hypersensitivity? | tissue specific. eg.-hemolytic disease of the newborn Rh+, jaundice |
| Type 3 Hypersensitivity? | immune complex mediated. eg.-serum sickness (immune complexes formed in blood and deposited in tissues, anthus reaction |
| Type 4 Hypersensitivity? | does not involve antibody. eg.- acute graph rejection, skin test for TB, contact allergic reaction, and autoimmune disease |
| What does SLE stand for? | systemic lupus erythmatosus. clinical manifestations --> arthritis, butterfly facial rash, renal disease, cv disease, etc |
| Blood type AB is...? | universal recipient |
| Blood type O is...? | universal donor |
| Water accounts for approx. what percent of a normal adults body weight? | 60% |
| What hormone is stimulated by a drop of BP or an increase in serum osmolarity? | ADH |
| What hormone promotes the retension of Na+? | aldosterone |
| What promotes fluid loss when the atria are stretched by high fluid volume or BP? | ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) |
| What promotes the retention of sodium and water in times of stress? | glucocorticoids |
| What stimulates ADH and aldosterone release? | thirst! |
| Cerebralspinal fluid, GI tract fluid, and fluid found int the pleural, synovial, and peritoneal spaces make up which compartment of fluid? | transcellular compartment |
| What is the most prevalent cation found in the EXTRACELLULAR fluid compartment? | Na+ |
| What is the most prevalent anion found int eh EXTRACELLULAR fluid compartment? | Cl- |
| Waht is the most prevalent cation found in the INTRACELLULAR fluid compartment? | K+ |
| What is the most prevalent anion found in the INTRACELLULAR fluid compartment? | PO4- |
| Which electrolyte maintains excitability of neurons, cardiac muscle cells, and sensory receptors? | K+ |
| Which electrolyte is an importnat requirement in the proper functioning of the Na+/K- pump? | Mg++ |
| Which electrolyte is regulated by the kidneys under the influence of aldosterone? | Na+ |
| Which electrolyte is excreted by the kidneys in exchange for Na+ and H+ | K+ |
| Which hormone increases levels of PTH while calcitonin decreses levels of this electrolyte? | Ca++ |
| Which hormones levels are influenced indirectly by aldosterone and directly by bicarbonate concentration? | Cl- |
| Which hormone is influneced directly by parathyroid hormone levels? | PO4-- |
| Normal serum levels for Na+? | 135-145mEq/L |
| Normal serum levels for K+? | 3.5-4.5mEq/L |
| Normal serum levels for Ca++? | 1.8-2.3mEq/L |
| Normal serum levels for Mg2++? | 1.7-2.6mEq/L |
| Normal serum levels for Cl-? | 95-108mEq/L |
| Normal serum levels for PO4--? | 4.5-5.5mEq/L |
| Normal plasma pH is? | 7.35-7.45mEq/L |
| Pedes have approx. how much body water content? | 75-80% |
| What are some causes of excess Na+? | renal failure, decreased ADH, hyperatremia, hypervolemia |
| What are some causes of a Na+ deficit? | profuse sweating, distilled H2O, vomiting, diarrhea, diuretic, burns |
| To maintain the body's normal pH the H+ must be neutralized by buffers or excreted via the....? | lungs/kidneys |
| The most important plasma buffering systems are the | carbonic acid-bicarbonate system and hemoglobin protien |
| ABG stands for..? | arterial blood gases |
| Metabolic acidosis is...? | depression of HCO3- or an increase in non-carbonic acids |
| Metabolic alkalosis is...? | the elevation of HCO3- usually caused by an excessive loss of metabolic acids |
Created by:
eagertolearn
Popular Nursing sets