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LCE SCIENCE
Human Biology & Health Ch 4 Section 1-3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| respiration | the process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions inside cells; also called cellular respiration |
| cilia | tiny hairlike extensions that move together in a sweeping motion |
| pharynx | the throat; part of both the respiratory and digestive system |
| trachea | the windpipe ; a passage through which air moves in the respiratory system |
| bronchi | the passages that direct air into the lungs |
| lungs | the main organs of the respiratory system |
| alveoli | tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood |
| diaphragm | a large , dome-shaped muscle that plays an important role in breathing |
| larynx | the voice box; located in the top part of the trachea, underneath the epiglottis |
| vocal cords | folds of connective tissue that stretch across the opening of the larynx and produce a person's voice |
| tar | a dark, sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns |
| carbon monoxide | a colorless, odorless, gas produced when substances - including tobacco are burned |
| nicotine | a stimulant drug in tobacco that increases the activities of the nervous system , heart, and other organs |
| addiction | a physical dependence on a substance |
| bronchitis | an irritation of the breathing passages in which the small passages become narrower that normal and may be clogged with mucus |
| emphysema | a serious disease that destroys lung tissue and causes breathing difficulties |
| excretion | the process by which wastes are removed from the body |
| urea | a chemical that comes from the breakdown proteins |
| kidney | a major organ of the excretory system which removes urea and other wastes from the blood |
| urine | a watery fluid produced by the kidneys that contains urea and other wastes |
| ureter | a narrow tube that carries urine from one of the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
| urinary bladder | a sack-like muscular organ that stores urine until it is eliminated from the body |
| urethra | a small tube through which urine flows from the body |
| nephron | a small filtering structure found in the kidneys that removes wastes from blood and produces urine |
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mrsschaaf
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