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Ecology Vocab
Ch.18
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment |
| Biotic | describes living factors in the environment |
| Abiotic | describes the nonliving part of the environment, including water, rocks, light, and temperature |
| Population | a group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area |
| Community | all the populations of species that live in the same habitat and interact with each other |
| Ecosystem | a community of organisms and their abiotic environment |
| Biosphere | the part of Earth where life exists |
| Producers | organisms that use sunlight directly to make food |
| Photosynthesis | the process of using sunlight to make food |
| Consumers | organisms that eat other organisms |
| Herbivore | an organism that eats only plants |
| Carnivore | an organism that eats animals |
| Omnivore | an organism that eats both plants and animals |
| Scavengers | omnivores that dead plants and animals |
| Decomposers | organisms that get energy by breaking down dead organisms |
| Food Chain | the pathway of energy transfer through various stages as a result of he feeding patterns of a series of organisms |
| Food Web | a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem |
| Energy Pyramid | a triangular diagram that shows an ecosystem's loss of energy, which results as energy passes through the ecosystem's food chain |
| Limiting Factor | a resource that is so scarce that it limits the size of a population |
| Carrying Capacity | the largest population that an environment can support at any given time |
| Competition | when two or more individuals or populations try to use the same resource, such as food, water, shelter, space, or sunlight |
| Prey | an organism that is killed and eaten by another organism |
| Predator | an organism that eats all or part of another organism |
| Camouflage | blending in to a background |
| Symbiosis | a relationship in which two different organisms live in close association with each other |
| Mutualism | a relationship between two species in which both species benefit |
| Commensalism | a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected |
| Parasitism | a relationship between two species in which one species, the parasite, benefits from the other species , the host, which is harmed |
| Coevolution | the evolution of two species that is due to mutual influence, often in a way that makes the relationship more beneficial to both species |
| Pollinator | an organism that carries pollen from one flower to another |
| Food Chain | the pathway of energy transfer through various stages as a result of he feeding patterns of a series of organisms |
| Food Web | a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem |
| Energy Pyramid | a triangular diagram that shows an ecosystem's loss of energy, which results as energy passes through the ecosystem's food chain |
| Limiting Factor | a resource that is so scarce that it limits the size of a population |
| Carrying Capacity | the largest population that an environment can support at any given time |
| Competition | when two or more individuals or populations try to use the same resource, such as food, water, shelter, space, or sunlight |
| Prey | an organism that is killed and eaten by another organism |
| Predator | an organism that eats all or part of another organism |
| Camouflage | blending in to a background |
| Symbiosis | a relationship in which two different organisms live in close association with each other |
| Mutualism | a relationship between two species in which both species benefit |
| Commensalism | a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected |
| Parasitism | a relationship between two species in which one species, the parasite, benefits from the other species , the host, which is harmed |
| Coevolution | the evolution of two species that is due to mutual influence, often in a way that makes the relationship more beneficial to both species |
| Pollinator | an organism that carries pollen from one flower to another |
Created by:
E.N.
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