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CH 1-2 Earth Science
CH 1-2 Earth Science ck12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Facts that have been uncovered scientifically by systematic observations or experiments. | data |
| A bit of information that is true. | fact |
| Knowledge about the natural world gathered systematically. | science |
| Gases such as carbon dioxide and methane that absorb and hold heat from the sun’s infrared radiation in the atmosphere. | greenhouse gas |
| A means of investigating a testable question using empirical information gathered from experiments, experience, or observations. | scientific method |
| Able to be proven false by an observation or experiment and therefore testable. | falsifiable |
| Two or more hypotheses that can be tested simultaneously or in sequence. | multiple working hypotheses |
| Able to be evaluated critically, usually using data. | testable |
| The relationship between an event and another event in which one event caused the other event. | causation |
| A mutual relationship between two or more things. | correlation |
| The process by which something takes place. | mechanism |
| A mutual relationship between two or more things in which one changes in one direction and the other changes in the opposite direction. | negative correlation |
| A mutual relationship between two or more things in which both change in the same direction. | positive correlation |
| A group in a scientific experiment in which the factor being tested, the independent variable, is not applied; used as a basis for comparison. | control group |
| Variable in a scientific experiment that is being measured as the independent variable is changed. | dependent variable |
| Special type of scientific investigation that is performed under controlled conditions to test the validity of a hypothesis. | experiment |
| Errors that are made due to problems with the experimenter. | experimental error |
| A mistake made by the person performing the experiment or from an event that occurs for no apparent reason. | random error |
| Errors that are due to some problem in the system so that the results are always skewed in one direction. | systematic error |
| An explanation that always applies under the same circumstances. | law |
| A hypothesis or group of hypotheses that have been repeatedly tested that have no significant evidence against them. A theory is testable and falsifiable. | theory |
| The mechanism for evolution. Natural processes favor some traits over others in a population causing those traits to be more common in subsequent generations. | natural selection |
| A simple representation of a more complex system. | scientific model |
| Processes that happen today happened in the past with the same results; the present is the key to the past. | principle of uniformitarianism |
| Hand-held device with a magnetic needle used to find magnetic north. | compass |
| The location of something relative to something else. | direction |
| Height of a feature measured relative to sea level. | elevation |
| A line connecting all the points equal distance between the North and South Poles. The zero degree line. | equator |
| A system of satellites designed to give location information that can be picked up by special devices that use triangulation. | global positioning system (GPS) |
| A geographic coordinate that specifies the north-south position of a point on the Earth's surface relative to the equator. | latitude |
| Where an object is on Earth, best described in three dimensions | location |
| The location of a place relative to the Prime Meridian, which runs north-south through Greenwich, England. | longitude |
| The average height of the ocean; the midpoint between high and low tide. | sea level |
| A topographic map that shows depth below sea level to indicate geographic features. These maps are created from the measurement of ocean depths using echo sounders. | bathymetric map |
| The constant difference in elevation between two contour lines on a topographic map. | contour interval |
| A line on a topographic map to show elevation. | contour line |
| A map showing the geologic features, such as rock units and structures, of a region. | geologic map |
| A map that shows elevations above sea level to indicate geographic feature. | topographic map |
| A device towed behind a ship that uses sound pulses to determine the location of the seafloor and so can be used to map the seafloor | echo sounder |
| A small vehicle carrying scientific instruments that can be used to explore the oceans and is operated from aboard ship or from on land | remotely operated vehicle |
| A manned submarine that can explore the oceans and is not tethered to its mother ship | submersible |
| Energy transmitted through space as a wave. | electromagnetic radiation |
| The full range of electromagnetic radiation. | electromagnetic spectrum |
| The number of wavelengths that pass a given point every second. | frequency |
| The shortest wavelength radio waves. | microwave |
| A radio antenna that collects radio waves or microwaves. | radio telescope |
| Telescopes that use mirrors to collect and focus light. | reflecting telescope |
| Telescopes that use convex lenses to collect and focus light. | refracting telescope |
| Telescopes in orbit above Earth's atmosphere. | space telescope |
| Horizontal distance from wave crest to wave crest, or wave trough to wave trough. | wavelength |
| The main part of the space shuttle that has wings like an airplane. | orbiter |
| A device propelled by particles flying out one end at high speed. | rocket |
| An object, either natural or human made, that orbits a larger object. | satellite |
| A reusable spacecraft capable of carrying large pieces of equipment or a space station. | space shuttle |
| A large spacecraft in space on which humans can live for an extended period of time. | space station |
| The forward force produced by gases escaping from a rocket engine. | thrust |
Created by:
tmcnu2
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