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Faulting

Faults in Physical Geography

QuestionAnswer
Define a Fault? A fault is a moving fracture or break in the Earth's surface created by pressure and tension.
Define a Normal Fault? This occurs when one side of the fault slips down (vertical movement) in relation to the other.
Where does a Normal Fault occur? A Normal Fault occurs at Divergent plate boundaries.
What is the steep side of a Normal Fault referred to? The steep side of a Normal Fault is called a SCARP.
What is a Scarp? The steep side of a Normal Fault
Where in Ireland would you find a Scarp? Ben Bulben
Explain how a Rift Valley forms. If two fault lines run parallel to each other and there is vertical movement of the piece of land in the middle, slips downwards a rift valley forms.
What is another name for a Rift Valley? Graben
Give an example of a Rift Valley in Ireland. Lough Neagh.
Explain how a block mountain forms. If land between the fault lines is compressed upwards a block mountain is formed.
What is another name for a block mountain? Horst
Does a block mountain or horst have a flat top? Yes a block mountain has a flat top.
Give an example of a block mountain or horst in Ireland. Ox Mountains in Sligo.
Explain how a Reverse fault forms. A reverse fault forms when land is compressed at a convergent plate boundary.
Does a Reverse fault occur at a convergent or a divergent plate boundary? A reverse fault occurs at a convergent plate boundary.
Explain a thrust fault. A thrust fault occurs in exactly the same way as a Reverse Fault except the angle of the fault is less than 45 degrees.
Where can you see thrust fault in Ireland? A thrust fault runs from Killarney to Mallow in Munster.
Give an example of a Reverse fault in Ireland? Polltomish, Co. Mayo
Explain how a tear/transform faults forms. These are commonly known as transform faults. They occur when there is a vertical fault in the Earths crust.
Do tear/transform faults slide past one another? Yes tear/transform faults slides past one another.
Give an example of a tear/transform fault in Ireland. The Leannan Fault in Co. Donegal.
Created by: Trisin12
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