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Musculoskeletal
Diseases & Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Arthritis | Inflammation of the joint |
| Which type of arthritis affects both sides of the body, may cause and fatigue and fever? | Rheumatoid arthritis |
| Which type of arthritis is also referred to as degenerative joint disease? | Osteoarthritis |
| Which type of arthritis develops when the cartilage covering the ends of the bones to wear away, allowing the bones to rub against each other | Osteoarthritis |
| Which type of arthritis is an autoimmune disorder? | Rheumatoid arthritis |
| What are the risk factor for arthritis | Aging, being over weight, gender, family history, joint injury |
| What measures can an aide take to alleviate the pain of arthritis | Support the joints, assist with heat and cold treatments per agency policy. utilize the adaptive devices the person may have, encourage the individual -emphasizing strengths. |
| Which is best as a treatment -hot or cold applications? | The choice of heat or cold is individual |
| What measures could an aide take to provide for safety for individual's with arthritis? | Fall prevention - use of gait belts/assistive devices, keeping the room free of clutter, assisting the individual as needed with transfers. |
| Arthroplasty | The damaged joint is removed and replaced with an artificial joint |
| Prostethesis | An artificial joint |
| After hip surgery should the hips be abducted or adducted? | Abducted |
| What are the risk factors for Osteoporosis? | Age, women after menopause, family history, being thin or having a small frame, eating disorders, bedrest, lack of exercise, alcholism |
| What is the great risks for an individual with osteoporosis? | Fracture |
| Fracture | Bone is broken |
| The CNA should monitor this when a person has a cast | Circulation -what is the color, temperature of the limb, is there pain? Is the person able to move the fingers or toes? |
| What are care considerations for a person with traction? | Keep the person in good alignment, do not remove the traction, the weights should hand freely, do not adjust the weights, check for frayed ropes, position the person as directed, use a fracture pan for elimination |
| What is the most common type of arthritis? | Osteoarthritis |
| What are the signs or symptoms of osteoarthritis | joint swelling or tenderness particularly in weigh bearing joints, or joints that have been fractured in the past |
| What happens to the bones when an individual has osteoporosis? | The bones become more porous, they are brittle and fracture more easily |
| What are the potential consequences for an individual that has had a hip fracture? | UTI, infection in the wound, pressure injuries, pneumonia, blood clots, constipation and confusion |
| Long Bones | Bones that support body weight: Femur and Humerus are two examples |
| Short Bones | Bones that allow skill and ease of movement. Carpals, metacarpals are examples |
| Flat Bones | Bones that protect the body the rib cage is an examplet |
| Irregular bones | The bones of the spinal column |
| Ball and Socket Joint | Joint that allows movement in all directions The shoulder and Hip are examples |
| Hinge Joint | Joint that allows movement one direction only. The Elbow is an example |
| Pivot Joint | Joint that allows turning from side to side. The neck (Skull to spine) |
| Voluntary Muscles | Those muscles that we can control the skeletal muscles |
| Involuntary Muscles | Muscles that work without our thinking about it. The diaphragm for respiration. |
| Cardiac Muscle | The muscle of the heart. These are involuntary muscles |
| What are the functions of the Musculoskeletal System? | Provides the framework for the body, allows the body to move, protects the internal organs and gives the body shape |
| What activities can the person do if the physician has ordered Complete (or Strict) Bedrest | None, the all care is given by the health care team |
| What activities can the person do if the physician has ordered Bedrest | Some self care with some ADLs, |
| What activities can the person do if the physician has ordered Bedrest with Commode Privileges | Some ADLSs and the person may use the commode at the bedside for elimination |
| What activities can the person do if the physician has ordered Bedrest with Bathroom Privileges | Some ADLS and the bathroom is used for elimination |
| Prone | The individual is positioned on their stomach |
| Supine | The individual is positioned on their back |
| Lateral | The person is positioned on their side |
| Sims | The person is positioned on their left side with the top leg sharply bent |
Created by:
dkayes
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