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Science Ch1 Sec. 1-3
| Question | |
|---|---|
| What is a cell? | the basic unit of structure and function in an organism |
| What does unicellular mean? | The organism has only one cell |
| What does multicellular mean? | The organism has more than one cell |
| What is a stimulus? | a change in an organism's environment that causes a reaction |
| What is a response? | How an organism reacts to a change in its surroundings |
| What is development? | how an organism grows and changes to become a more complex organism |
| What is Spontaneous Generation? | the incorrect theory that life can come from nonliving things |
| What is a controlled experiment? | A scientist carries out two tests that are identical in every respect except for one factor |
| Define Autotroph: | organisms that make their own food |
| Define Heterotroph: | organisms who have to go and find food since they can not make their own |
| What is Homeostasis? | the maintenance of stable internal conditions |
| Define Classification: | the process of grouping things based on their similarities *biologists use it to organize things into groups to make them easier to study* |
| Define Binomial Nomenclature: | the naming system Linnaeus created. In Latin, binomial means "two names" This system names an animal's genus and species |
| What is a Genus? | the first word in an organism's scientific name |
| What is a Species? | a group of similar organisms that can mate and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce |
| define Evolution: | the process by which species gradually change over time |
| what is a Prokaryote? | an organism whos cell/cells lack a nucleus |
| what is a Eukaryote? | an organism whos cell/cells have a nucleus |
| What are the 6 characteristics of living things? | They contain similar chemicals, they respond to their surroundings, they can reproduce, they use energy, they have cellular structure, and they grow and develop |
| How did Pasteur's experiment show spontaneous generation did not occur? | It showed that the air carried the bacteria to the broth where it grew, and that the broth didn't create it |
| The arctic fox has thick, dense fur in the winter and thin fur in the summer. How does this help it maintain homeostasis? | The thick fur traps heat to keep it warm and the thin fur doesn't so it can stay cooler |
| What are the levels of classification in order? | Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species |
| What are the 3 domains into which organisms are classified? | Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea |
| What do you need to know to determine which domain an organism is in? | If it is unicellular/multicellular, If it is a eukaryote/prokaryote, If it is a heterotroph/autotroph, and sometimes where it lives |
| What are the four kingdoms of Eukaryotes? | Plant Animal Fungus Protist |
| Which 2 domains include only organisms that are prokaryotes? | Bacteria and Archaea |
| What two kingdoms contain only heterotrophs? | Animals and Fungi |
| What do the cells of protists, animals, plants, and fungi have in common? | the cells all have nuclei so they are eukaryotes |
| Compare and contrast Plants and Protists. | They are both autotrophs All plants are multicellular but some protists are unicellular |
| What are the most abundant chemicals in cells? | water and carbohydrates |
| How do organisms differ from nonliving things? | Organisms are made of cells and nonliving things are not |
| Which of the following birds are more closely related and how do you know: Parus bicolor, Tachycineta bicolor, and Parus atricapillus? | Parus bicolor and Tachycineta bicolor because they are both the same species (bicolor) so they share more characteristics |
| A group of scientists are planning a space mission to a new planet with unknown conditions. What basic human needs must they consider before they decide what supplies to take with them? | They need water, food, enough space, and a suit to keep them at a good temperature in case it's very hot/cold |
| There is a multicellular and autotrophic organism. You find out that it is a eukaryote. Which kingdoms could it belong to and why? | it could be a plant or protist because those can be multicellular, they are autotrophs, and they are eukaryotes so everything matches up |
| Which kingdoms are only heterotrophs? | Animals and Fungi |
| What is a taxonomic key? | a useful tool for determining the identity of organisms |
| Describe each domain. | Archaea - unicellular, auto/heterotrophs, prokaryotes, live in harsh conditions Bacteria - unicellular, auto/heterotrophs, prokaryotes, live most places Eukarya - multicellular/unicellular, autotrophs or heterotrophs, eukaryotes, live almost everywhere |
| What did Redi's experiment prove? | It proved the flies laid the eggs, not the meat and it helped disprove spontaneous generation |
Created by:
imulita55
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