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Mol.CellBio Ch2

Chemical Foundations

TermDefinitions
Amino acid Monomeric building blocks of proteins
Amphipathic A molecule with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.
Disulfide bond Two Sulfur atoms covalently bonded together as a result of oxidation.
Energy coupling Energy stored in a phosphoanhydride bond being transferred to a reactant by breaking the bond in ATP and forming a covalent bond between the released phosphate group and one of the reactants.
Fatty acids Energy source; precursors for phospholipids and many other lipids with a variety of functions.
Hydrophobic Effect The formation of rigid hydrogen-bonded pentagons and hexagons around nonpolar molecules.
Nucleotides A nucleoside with one or more phosphate groups linked via an ester bond to the sugar moiety, generally to the 5' carbon atom. DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides.
Nucleosides A small molecule composed of a purine or pyrimidine base linked to a pentose.
Phosphoanhydride bonds A type of high-energy bond formed between two phosphate groups, such as the gamma and beta phosphates and the beta and alpha phosphates in ATP.
Created by: WisemanLeo
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