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IGHS Winkels
Biology Chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Purpose of Science | To investigate and understand the natural world |
| Observations | Use sight, smell, touch, sound and taste (the 5 senses) |
| Quantitative Observations | Numbers- obtained by counting, or measuring |
| Qualitative Observation | Descriptive-involve the 5 senses |
| Good Scientists' Characteristics | Base decisions on Reality/They are curious, open-minded and solve problems. |
| PHEACR | Problem/Hypothesis/Experiment/Analyze/Conclusion/Repeat |
| Experiment | A test under controlled conditions that is made to gather evidence and examine the validity of a hypothesis |
| Control Group | Used to compare results with experimental group |
| Independent Variable | The variable you can manipulate or change |
| Dependent Variable | The variable that responds (the outcome) |
| Constant | Part of the experiment that is not changed /the rest of the experiment is compared to it |
| Analyze | Data is collected on CHARTS and organized on GRAPHS |
| Repeat | All valid scientific experiments MUST be repeatable |
| Spontaneous Generation | Hypothesis that living organisms develop from nonliving matter *mice come from grain |
| Francesco Redi | Italian physician/created hypothesis for the appearance of maggots/flies produce maggots |
| Redi's Contributions to Science | Maggots form when flies come in contact with meat/Spontaneous Generation did not occur |
| John Needham | English/Spontaneous Generation could only occur under the right conditions/Boiled gravy, cooled, sealed, and waited-findings support Spontaneous Generation |
| Anton Leeuwenhoek | Perfected a simple microscope which he used to discover small living things called "animalcules" |
| Lazzaro Spallanzani | Italian/Needham hadn't heated samples properly/Nonliving gravy did not produce living things |
| Louis Pasture | French/convinced scientists that Spontaneous Generation was not correct |
| Theory | An explanation of an aspect of the natural world that is supported by an abundance of evidence and has yet to be disproven |
| Living Things | Made up of cells/reproduce/universal genetic code/grow & develop/use energy/respond to their environment/maintain a stable internal environment/as a group, change over time |
| Cell | Smallest unit of life |
| Sexual Reproduction | Two cells from different parents unite to produce a new organism |
| Asexual Reproduction | New organism has a single parent |
| DNA | Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid |
| Metabolism | How fast or slow an organism uses its energy |
| Homeostasis | The process by which the internal conditions stay relatively stable (the same) |
| Evolve | A group, or population of organisms change over time *Mastodons to elephants |
| Levels of Organization | Molecules/Cells/Groups of Cells/Organism/Population/Community/Ecosystem/Biosphere |
| Molecules | Groups of atoms |
| Groups of Cells | Tissues/organs/organ systems *muscle tissue, stomach, blood |
| Organism | Individual living thing |
| Population | Group of organisms of one type (species) that live in the same area |
| Community | Populations that live together in a defined area |
| Ecosystem | Community and its non-living surroundings |
| Bioshpere | The part of the Earth that contains all ecosystems |
Created by:
Winkels
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