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Chapter 1- Biology
Review for Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do we make observations in science? | Use all senses |
| What is Quantitative data? | uses numbers (ex. there were 7 boys and 5 girls) |
| What is qualitative Data? | uses descriptions, characteristics (the plant looked unhealthy) |
| List the scientific method in order: | Observe Research Hypothesis Experiment Collect Data Analyze Data Conclusion |
| What is a hypothesis? | An educated guess based on research and prior knowledge |
| What is an independent (manipulated) variable? | The variable you change in the experiment |
| What is a dependent variable? (responding) | the variable that changes because of the manipulated variable. |
| What is spontaneous generation? | The idea that living things come from non-living material |
| With what do we credit redi? | The first controlled experiment |
| What did Leewenhock discover? | Microorganisms in pond water |
| Explain Needham's experiment: | Heated gravy in flasks, waited, microorganisms grew. |
| Explain Spallanzani's experiment: | Boiled gravy, waited, microorganisms did not grow |
| Explain Pasteur's experiment: | put a curved neck on a flask , boiled gravy, let it sit for a year. The curved neck allowed air to get to the gravy but the microorganisms were too heavy to get to the gravy. No microorganisms grew for a year- removed neck, microorganisms grew. |
| In what two instances is it impossible to conduct experiments? | 1- immoral/unethical 2- happened in the past |
| How many variables are changed in a controlled experiment? | Only one at a time |
| How is a theory different than a law? | theories are widely accepted, can be changed, but can not be proven 100% true. Laws are facts that can be proven true. |
| List the characteristics of living things: | Cells reproduce dna growth and development respond to change use energy homeostasis |
| What is homeostasis? | maintain stable internal environment when external or internal changes occur |
| What is biology? | The study of living things |
| Biosphere | part of the earth that contains all ecosystems |
| ecosystems | living/nonliving things in an area |
| community | populations that live together in a defined area |
| population | group of organisms of one type that live in the same area |
| organisms | individual living things |
| group of cells | tissues, organs, and organ systems |
| cells | smallest unit of life |
| Molecules | group of atoms; smallest unit of most chemical compounds |
| length | measured in meters with a meterstick |
| volume | measured in liters with a graduated cylinder |
| mass | measured in grams with a balance |
| force | measured in newtons with a scale |
| temperature | measured in celsius with a thermometer |
| what are two difference between an electron and a light microscope | Electron-can only view dead specimens, very expensive Light- can view living and dead specimens, cheap (we use this microscope) |
| What are two advantages of the metric system? | -math is easier -gives universal language to scientists -used worldwide -prefixes change/units stay the same |
Created by:
mrs.bur10
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