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Env Science Ch 1 & 2
SFHS- Impastato/Crovato
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are resources that can be replaced relatively quickly by natural processes? | renewable resources |
| List 5 renewable resources. | fresh water, air, soil, wood, energy from sun |
| What are resources that form at a much slower rate than they are consumed? | nonrenewable resources |
| List 5 nonrenewable resources. | fossil fuels, metals, salt, sand, clay |
| Who were people who obtained their food by collecting plants, hunting wild animals or scavenging their remains while moving place to place to follow their food? | hunter-gatherers |
| List 2 ways hunter-gathers impacted their environment. | 1) Native Americans tribes hunted buffalo 2) They set fires to burn prairies and prevented the growth of trees |
| During what period did people learn to plant, harvest and store food; they domesticated livestock to help on the farm, and learned how to save the seeds of plants that had the traits they wanted? | Agricultural Revolution. |
| What are 4 positive impacts of the Agricultural Revolution? | 1)Allowed population to grow 2) increased pressure on local environments 3)increased the amount of available food 4)improved the health |
| What are the negative impacts of the Agricultural Revolution? | habitats were destroyed by farms/ causing soil loss/floods/overworked soil |
| What time period shifted from animal and human labor to machinery and fossil fuels and improved the quality of life? | Industrial Revolution. |
| What are 3 positive impacts of the Industrial Revolution? | 1) More goods were available & cheaper 2) Reduced the amount of land and human labor for farming 3)Motorized vehicles allowed food and other goods to be transported cheaply |
| What are negative impacts of the Industrial Revolution? | land pollution, air pollution, water pollution, deforestation |
| ______ countries have slow population growth. | developed |
| ______ countries have fast population growth. | developing |
| What type of materials can be broken down through natural processes? | biodegradeable |
| What type of materials cannot be broken down by natural processes? | nonbiodegradeable |
| Give 3 examples of biodegradable materials. | food, waste, sewage |
| Give 3 examples of nonbiodegradable materials. | lead, mercury, plastics |
| What occurs when a large fraction of the resource has been used up? | depletion of renewable resources |
| Give an example of depletion of renewable resources | deforestation |
| What type of countries have higher incomes, diverse industrial economies, and have a large ecological footprint? | developed countries |
| What type of countries have a simple agriculture-based communities, lower average incomes, and have a small ecological footprint? | developing countries |
| What shows the productive area of the earth needed to support one person in a particular country? It estimates the land used for crops, grazing, forest products and housing. | ecological footprint |
| Compare developed and developing countries in terms of their life expectancy. | a. Developed: higher life expectancy (79 avg age) b. Developing: lower life expectancy (71 avg age) |
| Compare developed and developing nations in terms of health care. | a.Developed: have available and affordable health care b.Developing: often do not have available heath care and its not affordable |
| Why did the human population grow rapidly during the industrial revolution? | more food was available and better health care |
| When did most of today’s environmental problems originate? | Industrial Revolution |
| What is the tragedy of the commons? | tragedy of the commons is if no one takes responsibility for a resource, the resource will be overused and become depleted |
| What is an example of the tragedy of the commons? | the world’s oceans and overfishing |
| What is the condition in which human needs are met in such a way that a human population can survive indefinitely on the standard of living similar to the current one? | sustainability |
| What would a sustainable world look like? | Every generation would have the same amount of resources to work with |
| Explain the law of supply and demand. | the greater the demand for a limited supply of something , the more the product is worth |
| What balances the cost of the action against the benefit expected from it? | cost benefit analysis |
| What is a probability of an unwanted outcome? | risk |
| What is a systematic process of evaluating the potential risks that may be involved in a projected activity or undertaking? | risk assessment |
| What refers to the number and variety of species that live in an area? | biodiversity |
| What is the most common reason for a loss in biodiversity? | habitat loss |
| What type of system is earth considered? | earth is essentially a closed system |
| What are 2 potential problems of a closed system? | 1)Some resources are limited and as the population grows the resources will be used more rapidly. 2) There is also the possibility that we will produce waste more quickly that we can dispose of them. |
| ___________ is the collection and classification of data that are in the form of numbers | statistics |
| ___________ the chance that something will happen | probability |
| What is a relative arrangements of the members of a statistical population? | distribution |
| ____ is considered the average. | Mean |
| The _______ group receives the variable. | experimental |
| What group does not receive the variable in an experiment? | the control group |
| What is the factor of interest, the change, what you are testing in the experiment? | variable |
| Compare independent and dependent variables. | -independent variable: factor being tested -Dependent variable: is what happens in the experiment as a direct result of adding the independent variable |
| What is a hypothesis? | is the testable idea or explanation that is an "If/then" statement |
| What type of model is three dimensional that you can touch? | physical model |
| What do graphical models consist of? | maps and charts |
| What is a model that is a verbal or graphical explanation of how a system works or is organized? | conceptual |
| Give 2 examples of conceptual models | flow chart and bubble map |
| List the steps of the scientific method | Observation, Problem, gather information or research, hypothesis, experiment, gather data, conclusion, repeat, communicate results |
| What is a value? | principles or standards we consider important |
| What is an undesired change in air, water, or soil that negatively effects health, survival , or humans and other organisms? | pollution |
| List 3 types of pollution | air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution |
| What is environmental science? | it is the study of the air, water, and land surrounding an organism or community, that includes the study of the impact of humans on the enviornment |
| What are the 3 major categories of environmental problems? | resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity |
| What is the primary goal of environmental science? | to understand and solve environmental problems |
| What percentage of the world’s resources are used by developed countries? | 75% |
| What percentage of the world’s population lives in developed countries? | 20% |
Created by:
dcrovato
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