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Env Science Test 1
SFHS- Hodge
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are resources that can be replaced relatively quickly by natural processes? | renewable resources |
| List 5 renewable resources. | fresh water, air, soil, trees, crops |
| Who were people who obtained their food by collecting plants, hunting wild animals or scavenging their remains while moving place to place to follow their food? | hunter-gatherers |
| Describe 3 characteristics of the Agricultural Revolution. | 1) people learned how to plant, harvest and store food 2)People domesticated livestock to help on the farm 3)People learned how to save the seeds of plants that has the traits that they wanted |
| What are 4 positive impacts of the Agricultural Revolution? | 1)Allowed population to grow 2) increased pressure on local environments 3)increased the amount of available food 4)improved the health |
| What are negative impacts of the Agricultural Revolution? | habitats were destroyed by farms/ causing soil loss/floods/overworked soil |
| Describe 2 characteristics of the Industrial Revolution. | 1)Improved our quality of life 2) shifting from animal and human labor to machinery and fossil fuels |
| What are 3 positive impacts of the Industrial Revolution? | 1) More goods were available & cheaper 2) Reduced the amount of land and human labor for farming 3)Motorized vehicles allowed food and other goods to be transported cheaply |
| What are negative impacts of the Industrial Revolution? | noise pollution, air pollution, water pollution |
| ______ countries have slow population growth. | developed |
| ______ countries have fast population growth. | developing |
| What type of materials can be broken down through natural processes? | biodegradeable |
| What type of materials cannot be broken down by natural processes? | nonbiodegradeable |
| Give 3 examples of biodegradable materials. | food, waste, sewage |
| Give 3 examples of nonbiodegradable materials. | lead, mercury, plastics |
| What occurs when a large fraction of the resource has been used up? | depletion of renewable resources |
| Give an example of depletion of renewable resources | deforestation |
| How do man made substances affect the environment? | throwing away plastics are polluting the oceans and killing ocean life |
| What is the tragedy of the commons? | tragedy of the commons is if no one takes responsibility for a resource, the resource will be overused and become depleted |
| What is an example of the tragedy of the commons? | the world’s oceans and overfishing |
| What is the condition in which human needs are met in such a way that a human population can survive indefinitely on the standard of living similar to the current one? | sustainability |
| What would a sustainable world look like? | Every generation would have the same amount of resources to work with |
| Explain the law of supply and demand. | the greater the demand for a limited supply of something , the more the product is worth |
| What shows the productive area of the earth needed to support one person in a particular country? It estimates the land used for crops, grazing, forest products and housing. | ecological footprint |
| Compare developed and developing nations in terms of health care. | a.Developed: have available and affordable health care b.Developing: often do not have available heath care and its not affordable |
| What type of countries have higher incomes, diverse industrial economies, and have a large ecological footprint? | developed countries |
| What type of countries have a simple agriculture-based communities, lower average incomes, and have a small ecological footprint? | developing countries |
| Compare developed and developing countries in terms of their life expectancy. | a. Developed: higher life expectancy (79 avg age) b. Developing: lower life expectancy (71 avg age) |
| When did most of today’s environmental problems originate? | Industrial Revolution |
| What balances the cost of the action against the benefit expected from it? | cost benefit analysis |
| What refers to the number and variety of species that live in an area? | biodiversity |
| Why are species on the Endangered Species List endangered? | Most species on the endangered species list can be attributed to habitat loss |
| ___________ is the collection and classification of data that are in the form of numbers | statistics |
| __________ the chance that something will happen | probability |
| What is a relative arrangements of the members of a statistical population? | distribution |
| ___ is considered the average. | mean |
| The _______ group receives the variable. | experimental |
| What group does not receive the variable in an experiment? | the control group |
| What is the factor of interest, the change, what you are testing in the experiment? | variable |
| Compare independent and dependent variables | -independent variable: factor being tested -Dependent variable: is what happens in the experiment as a direct result of adding the independent variable |
| What is a hypothesis? | is the testable idea or explanation that is an "If/then" statement |
| What type of model is three dimensional that you can touch? | physical model |
| What do graphical models consist of? | maps and charts |
| What is a model that is a verbal or graphical explanation of how a system works or is organized? | conceptual |
| Give 2 examples of conceptual models | flow chart and bubble map |
| What is a probability of an unwanted outcome? | risk |
| What is a systematic process of evaluating the potential risks that may be involved in a projected activity or undertaking? | risk assessment |
| List the steps of the scientific method | Observation, Problem, gather information or research, hypothesis, experiment, gather data, conclusion, repeat, communicate results |
| What is a value? | principles or standards we consider important |
| What is an undesired change in air, water, or soil that negatively effects health, survival , or humans and other organisms? | pollution |
| What are the 3 major categories of environmental problems? | resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity |
| What percentage of the world’s resources are used by developed countries? | 75% |
| What percentage of the world’s population lives in developed countries? | 20% |
| What is ecology? | study of how organisms interact with their environment and each other |
| What is extinct? | no longer existing |
| List the 9 values in the Decision-Making Model | Aesthetic, Economic, Educational, Ethical/Moral, Health, Recreational, Scientific, Social/Cultural |
Created by:
dcrovato
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