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Fungi and friends
Micro: Fungi, protazoa, helminths
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cave spelunking, causes pneumonia | Histoplasmosis |
| Broad based buds | Blastomycosis |
| Captain wheel formation fungus | Paracoccidiodomycosis |
| Spherule w/ endospores (no yeast form) | Coccidiodomycosis |
| Skin and bone dissemination of fungus | Blastomycosis |
| Intracellular fungal growth (inside macrophages) | Histoplasmosis |
| Dimorphic fungal forms in cold? in heat? | cold = mold heat = yeast (except coccidiodomyc->spherule) |
| San Joaquin valley, SW united states | coccidiodomycosis |
| Latin America fungus | Paracoccidiodomycosis |
| Cutaneous fungal infxn, "spaghetti n meatballs" on KOH prep | Tinea versacolor (caused by Malassezia furfur) |
| What 3 fungi cause tinea pedis/cruris/corporis/captis? | Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton MOLD FORMS ONLY...don't form yeast! |
| V shaped septate hyphae | Aspergillus (A<-->V) |
| Narrow based unequal budding | Cryptococcus neoformans |
| Pseudohyphae + Germ tubes of Candida are at what temps? | Pseudohyphae= 20C Germ Tubes= 37C (body temp) |
| L shaped hyphae | Mucor/Rhizopus species |
| Allergic bronchopulmonary reactions after inhalation of what fungus? | Aspergillus |
| Candida Tx | nystatin topically Amphotericin B systemically |
| Fungal dz commonly found in diebatic ketoacidosis and leukemics | Mucro/Rhizopus (Mucormycosis-->L shaped hyphae) |
| Indian Ink/Latex agglutination used for? | Cryptococcus |
| Soap bubble lesion in brain | cryptococcus |
| Pneumocystic jirovecii causes what kind of pneumonia (PCP) | diffuse interstitial pneumonia, bilateral on CXR |
| ascending lymphangitis w/ ulcer at site of entry | Sporothrix (rose gardeners dz) |
| Stain for PCP | methenamine silver stain |
| Tx for PCP | TMP-SMX (even though this is a fungal infxn), pentamidine, dapsone |
| bloating, flatulence, foul smelling diarrhea (esp in hikers/campers) | Giardia lamblia |
| Giardia mode of transmission (MOT) | cyst in water |
| foul smelling green discharge from Vagina | Trichomonas |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy is due to which protozoan | Trypanosoma cruzi |
| MOT of Trypanosoma cruzi | Reduviid bug (kissing bug) |
| Tsetse fly transmits what protozoan | Trypnosoma gambiense/rhodesiense (African sleeping sickness) |
| pancytopenia, splenomegaly, enlarged LNs. what is the dz and causative protozoan? | kala azar due to Leishmania donovani (sandfly transmission) |
| Most severe type of malaria? | P falciparum (cerebral malaria) |
| Which type of malaria infects liver causing relapsing fever | P vivax, P ovale |
| Drug for RBC malarial infection? Drug for Liver infection? | RBC= Chloroquine Liver= Primaquine (will get rid of relapsing fevers) |
| Anal pruritis (scotch tape test) | Enterobius vermicularis |
| visible eggs in feces | Ascaris lumbricoides (giant roundworms) |
| undercooked pork-->muscle inflammation | Trichenella spiralis |
| LARVAE penetrate feet, infxn in intestines, cause anemia | Ancylostoma, Necator (hookworms) |
| Treatment for Ancylostoma/Necator | Mebendazole (treat bendy worms with meBENDazole) |
| River blindness w/ lizard skin | Onchocerca volvulus |
| Worm crawling in conjunctiva | Loa Loa |
| Elephantiasis | Wuchereria bancrofti |
| Tinea soleum (pork): difference between larvae ingestion and egg ingestion | Larvae= intestinal tapeworms Egg= cysticercosis + neurocysticercosis (swiss cheese appearance of brain, seizures) |
| B12 deficiency caused by which helminth? | Diphyllobothrium (undercooked freshwater fish) leads to anemia |
| Necator/Ancylostoma larvae enter skin at what location | feet |
| Echinococcus mode of transmissionn | eggs in dog feces |
| Hydatid cyst in liver caused by? | Echinococcus |
| What happens in hydatid cyst ruptures in liver? | anaphylactic shock |
| Ixodes tick transmits which protozoan | Babesia |
| Maltese cross in RBC | Babesia (Ixodes tick) |
| Sever diarrhea in AIDS | cryptosporidium (Acid fast stain) [different from cryptococcus!!!<--thats a fungus) |
| Brain abscess in HIV | Toxoplasmosis |
| Ring enhancing brain lesions in new borns | Toxoplasmosis (TOrches) |
| Dystenery, liver abscess, RUQ pain RBCs inside of trophozoite | Entameba histolytica (Amebiasis) |
| Cyst w/ 4 nuclei | Entameba histolytica |
| Swimmer in lake acquires fatal meningoencephalitis | Naegleria fowleri (enter through nose, enter CSF) |
Created by:
jsad
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