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Greenfield-Geology
Layers of the Earth
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tectonic Plate | One of the giant, moving slabs that make up Earth's lithosphere which slowly moves carrying the continental drift |
| Plate Boundary | The area where 2 tectonic plates border each other |
| Theory of Plate Tectonics | The theory that Earth's lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move and interact |
| Continental Drift | The continual movement or drifting of the continents which are a result of convection currents within the mantle |
| Lithosphere | A layer of huge moving slabs of Earth's crust (plates) and the uppermost part of the mantle |
| Asthenosphere | The part of Earth's Mantle that is soft, but still solid molten rock which moves the lithosphere plates above |
| Core | The inner most and densest layer of Earth,made up of two parts: the inner core and the outer core |
| Subduction | A process by which a dense tectonic plate is pushed beneath a less dense plate, often creating trenches, subduction zones, and volcanoes. |
| Convection Current | The movement of a gas or liquid in a circular path |
| Continental Crust | Type of rock made of mostly granites |
| Fold | Collision of crust that bends rock layers "stress" |
| Seismograph | An instrument used to measure the shaking caused by an earthquake |
| Earthquakes | The shaking that occurs when rock in Earth's crust moves or breaks and quickly releases pressure |
| Plate Tectonics | The Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections called plates. These plates float on the mantle like rafts (moving very slowly) |
| Archipelago | A group of volcanic islands formed from ocean crust convergence |
| Richter Scale | A scale for measuring earthquake magnitude |
| Hotspot | An area of volcanic activity that is not near a plate boundary |
| Tsunami | A giant ocean wave generated by a submarine, earthquake, volcano, or landslide |
| Divergent Boundary | A plate boundary in which two plates move apart from each other |
| Inner Core | Made almost entirely of solid iron with a small amount of nickel |
| Mantle | The layer of Earth below the crust and above the outer core |
| Volcano | An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten magma and gases erupt |
| Epicenter | The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the hypocenter or focus |
| Pangea | The super continent |
| Crust | Earth's outermost and least dense layer |
| Fault | A break in Earth's crust, with movement along the break |
| Caldera | Large crater caused by the violent explosion of a volcano that collapses into a depression |
| Outer Core | Made of liquid iron and nickel |
| Oceanic Crust | Type of crust made of mostly basalt |
| Transform Boundary | Where two plates are sliding horizontally past one another |
| Convergent Boundary | A plate boundary in which two plates collide |
| Composition | The chemicl makeup of a substance. The composition of the crust, mantle, and core are different. |
| Lava | Melted rock that reaches Earth's surface |
| Magma | Melted rock located below Earth's surface |
| Mass | The amount of matter in an object |
| Sea-floor Spreading | The formation of new crust where two ocean plates pull apart (diverge) from each other |
| Theory | A scientific explanation of related observations |
Created by:
pattigreenfield
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