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Bio Chapter 1 Vocab

Biology in the 21st Century

TermDefinition
biosphere all organisms and the part of the Earth where they exist
biodiversity the variety of organisms in a given area
species a group of organisms that are closely related and can produce fertile offspring
biology the scientific study of living things and their interactions with the environment
science the knowledge obtained by observing natural events and conditions in order to discover facts and formulate laws or principles that can be verified or tested
organism any individual living thing
cell the basic unit of life
metabolism all of the chemical processes that build up or break down materials
DNA the genetic material in all organisms that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics as a molecule
system an organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole
ecosystem a community of organisms and their physical environment
homeostasis the maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism
evolution the change in living things over time
adaptation an inherited trait that gives an advantage to individual organisms and is passed on to future generations
observation using the senses to study the world; using tools to collect measurements; examining previous research results
data observations and measurements recorded during an experiment
hypothesis a proposed answer for a scientific question
experiment scientists study factors called independent and dependent variables to find cause-and-effect relationships
independent variable a condition that is manipulated, or changed, by a scientist in an experiment
dependent variable the experimental data collected through observations and measurements
constants the conditions that do not change during an experiment
theory a proposed explanation for a wide range of observations and experimental results that is supported by a wide range of evidence
measurement the determination of the dimensions of something using a standard unit
accuracy a description of how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity measured
precision the exactness of a measurement
microscope a tool that provides an enlarged image of an object
gene a segment of DNA that stores genetic information
molecular genetics the study and manipulation of DNA on a molecular level
genomics the study and comparison of genomes both within and across species
biotechnology the use and application of living things and biological processes
transgenic organism whose genome has been altered to contain one or more genes from another organism or species
Created by: harolds21
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