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Greenfield- Rocks
Rock Formation and Classification Forces that Shape the Earth
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Crystalization | the gradual formation of crystals in a definite arranged order |
| Deposition | the dropping of rock particles and sediment that have been weathered and eroded by water, wind, or ice |
| Erosion | the picking up and carrying away of weathered rock and soil. It is the slow wearing away of Earth's surface |
| Weathering | the process by which rocks are broken and worn down into smaller pieces by wind, water, glaciers (ice), plants, chemicals, or animals |
| Magma | A body of molten rock found beneath the earths crust |
| Metamorphic Rock | rock formed by the transformation of pre-existing rock deep within the earth( but still in a solid state) by heat, pressure, and/or chemically active fluids without melting the material |
| Metamorphism | structural and mineralogical changes of any type of solid rock in response to physical and chemical changes |
| Sedimentary Rock | sediments of old rock that mix with clay, sand or gravel and become compacted and cemented together |
| Rock cycle | a model that illustrates the origin of the three basic rock types |
| Sediment | broken pieces of old rock that have become smaller and rounder over time as they are transported by wind and water |
| Lava | the molten rock that is expelled or shot out of a volcano during an eruption and reaches Earth's surface |
| Extrusive Igneous Rock | rock formed from the eruption of volcanoes which cool and solidify above ground |
| Intrusive Igneous Rock | when magma cools and solidifies below ground, these types of rocks are formed |
| Igneous Rock | rock formed when melted rock cools and solidifies |
| Mohs Hardness Scale | it determines the hardness of minerals. |
| Cleavage | this is when a mineral splits along flat surfaces. |
| Geologist | a scientist that studies rocks and minerals. |
| Streak | it is the color displayed of a mineral when it is in a powdered from. |
| Luster | a property of a mineral that describes how shiny the mineral is. |
| Mineral | a naturally occurring solid that is nonliving (non-organic)and is the building block of rocks. |
| Rock | a naturally occurring solid that is made of two or more minerals. |
| Foliated | metamorphic rocks that are formed with layers due to heat and pressure |
| Non-foliated | rocks that have no visible signs of layering |
| Fracture | the tendency to break along uneven and angular surfaces- like broken glass |
| Physical properties used to identify a mineral | luster, color, streak, crystal form, hardness, cleavage/fracture, and density |
| Metallic Luster | A mineral that reflects light and has a shiny luster- looks like a metal |
| Non-metallic Luster | A mineral that can be described as glass-like or dull |
| Color | Because many minerals have the same color, you should not classify samples by their color only |
| Talc | #1 on the Mohs Hardness scale because it is the softest mineral |
| Diamond | #10 on the hardness scale because it is the hardest known mineral |
Created by:
pattigreenfield
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