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Section A

BACB Section A

TermDefinition
Frequency Number of times behavior occurs
Rate Frequency of the behavior divided by a standard period of time.
Duration The total time elapsed between the start of the behavior and its completion.
Latency Recording the time that elaspes from the signal to begin until the response occurs; time elapsed from signal until initiation of respons
IRT- Interresponse Time The time from offset of a response to onset of the next response; time elasped from 1 response to the next response
Percent of Occurrence you must report the number of response opportunities and the percentage responded to correctly; number of times the event occurred per 100 opportunities that the event could have occurred
Trials to Criterion A measure of the number of response opportunities needed to achieve a predetermined level of performance criteria
Repeatability Count, Rate, Celeration
Temporal Extent Duration
Temporal Locus Latency, IRT
Derivative Measures Percentage and Trials to Criterion
Definitional Measures Topography and Magnitude
Procedures for Measuring Behavior Event Recording, Timing and Time Sampling
Topography Form or shape of the response
Magnitude Force/ intensity/ severity of a behavior Certain responses needed to be emitted at specific levels of intensity
Continuous Measurements All instances of the response class of interest are detected during the observation period
Discontinuous Measurements Some instances of the response class of interest may NOT be detected
Types of Discontinuous Measurements Time Sampling methods/Interval recording methods: Whole Interval, Partial Interval, Momentary Time Sampling
3 Forms of Time Sampling Whole Interval, Partial Interval and Momentary Time Sampling
Whole Interval Behavior must occur the entire interval in order to be scored; Underestimates the rate of behavior, increase behavior
Partial Interval Overestimates the rate of a behavior, Behaviors must occur at anytime during interval to be scored At the end of each interval, record whether the target behavior occurred at any time during the interval.
Momentary Time Sampling Over-or Under estimates or neither At the end of that time interval only in order to be scored
Use MTS When....... Observational constraints because you do not have to continuously measure throughout the entire interval.
PLACHECK Planned Activity Check: A variation of MTS for groups. The observer simply counts the number of individuals who are actually engaged in the assigned activity at a particular moment.
Accuracy TRUE VALUE. The extent to which the observed value matches the true value of an event.
Reliability The extent to which a measurement procedure yields the same value when brought into REPEATED contact with the same state of nature. SAME results REPEATEDLY
Measurement Artifacts Discontinuous Measurements, Poorly Scheduled Measurement Periods, Insensitive/Limited Measurement Scales
Observer Drift When observers unknowingly alter the way they measure a behavior. Unintended changes in the way data are collected produce measurement error
IOA-Interobserver agreement Reporting IOA increase believability that the data is trustworthy and deserving of interpretation
VALID IOA must Same Measurement System, Same Event and Observers must be Independent
4 Event Recording IOA: Total Count IOA, Mean per Interval IOA, Exact Count per Interval IOA and Trial by Trial IOA
Timing/Duration Total Duration IOA, Mean Duration (IRT) per Occurrence IOA
Time Sampling IOA Interval by Interval, Scored Interval and Unscored Interval
Total Count Totally easy- Smaller #/Larger # x 100
Mean Count-per-Interval Each interval is calculated between the count of the 2 observers within each interval.
Exact Count-per Interval STRICT EVENT RECORDING IOA METHOD! # of intervals of 100% IOA Agreement / Total # of Intervals x 100%
Trial by Trial IOA # of Trials of Agreement/Total # of Trials x 100%
Total Duration IOA Shorter Duration/Longer Duration x 100
Mean Duration (IRT) per occurrence IOA Used to calculated duration per occurrence data Mean from Response 1+2+3.../Total # of Duration IOA
Interval by Interval IOA # of Interval BOTH recorders are in Agreement IOA/ Total # of Intervals x 100 Likely to overestimate the actual agreement measuring behaviors that occur at very high or low rates
Scored Interval IOA Only uses intervals in which BOTH observers scored an occurrence of the behavior to calculate the IOA. # of Intervals BOTH recorders recorded Occurrence /# of Intervals at LEAST ONE observer Recorder Occurrence x 100
Unscored Interval IOA # of Intervals BOTH recorders Recorded Non-Occurence/# of Interval at LEAST one Recorder Recorded Non Occurrence x 100
IOA Should Occur 20% of the time at 80% closer to 100% is better
Equal Interval Graph x and y axis; Line, Bar, Cumulative Record, Scatterplot and Standard Celeration Chart
Cumulative Record A cumulative recorder enables a subject to draw his/her own graph. Called "cumulative" because you keep adding on responses during each observation period to the total number of all previously recorded responses. y axis= total # of responses from start
2 Types of Cumulative Record Response Rates Overall Response Rate: An average rate of response over a given time period, such as during a specific session or phase in a study. Local Response Rate: An average rate of response during periods of time smaller
Types of Preference Assessment Ask the Person, Observe the person, Trial Based Method (MSW, MSWO)
Types of Reinforcer Assessment Progressive Ratio, Concurrent, Multiple, NCR
Progressive Ratio Schedule gradually requires more responses per presentation of the preferred stimulus until a breaking point is reached and the response rate declines
Concurrent Schedule When two or more contingencies of reinforcement operate independently and simultaneously for two or more behaviors
Multiple Schedule of Reinforcement gradually requires more responses per presentation of the preferred stimulus until a breaking point is reached and the response rate declines
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