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Nursing-Sensory
| Function: | it allows us to experience the outside world |
| 5 sensory receptors | Chemorecptors - stimulated by changes in the chemicalâ taste & smell* Pain Receptors - tissue damage - pain* Thermoreceptors - temp.- heat & cold* Mechanoreceptors â movements of body fluids - hearing & equilibrium* Photoreceptors â light - sig |
| 2 groups of senses are: | General (Somatic) and Special |
| General senses are | – pain, touch, pressure, temperature and proprioception |
| General senses are found in | skin, muscle, joints and viscera |
| Special senses are | – taste, smell, sight, hearing, balance |
| Eyes include organs such as - | – eyebrows, eyelids, conjuctiva, eyelashes, lacrimal apparatus, extrinsic eye muscle |
| Function of eyelids | – protect eyes from foreign substances * wash tears over the surface of the eyes |
| Function of eyebrows | – keeps perspiration out * shade the eyes from glaring sunlight |
| What is conjunctiva? | It is a thin mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids * It secretes a thin mucous film that moistens the surface of the eye * It is also caused by allergies and irritation |
| Function of Eyelashes | – aka Cilia - helps in traping dust |
| Shapeand size of eye balls | - spherical in shape, 3/4 to 1 inch (2 – 3 cm) in diameter |
| Lacrimal Apparatus - | secretion, distribution and drainage of tears * tears moisten, lubricate and cleans the surface of the eye. |
| What is Retina? | contains – cons and rods * innermost layer of the eyeball * sensitive to light thus called photoreceptors |
| List the 3 layers of the eye ball | Sclera * Choroid * Retina * |
| What are the 2 cavities of the eyball? | Anterior and Posterior |
| Function of ciliary body? | Separates the Aqueous humor and Vitreous humor |
| What is Sclera? | Tough fibrous connective tissue, covering most of the eyeball * Helps contain the contents of the eye * Shapes the eye * Site for attachment of the extrinsic eye muscles |
| What Cornea? | Is an extension of the sclera to cover the iris Avascular Called window of the eye Rich supply of sensory nerve fibres thus sensitive to touch |
| Window of the eye | - cornea |
| What is corneal reflex? | If the surface of the cornea is touched lightly, the eye tears and blinks to remove the source of irritation, thus serving a protective function. |
| What is Choroid? | The middle layer of the eye * * Highly vascular |
| Functions of Choroid? | Provides retina with a rich supply of blood * Dark pigments located in the choroid absorb any excess light to prevent glare |
| Name the anterior extensions of the choroid and sclera | Choroid – cililary body and iris * Sclera – cornea |
| Differentiate Cons and Rods? | Cons -are most abundant, provides with colour vision * Rods – Sensitive to dim light, black and white vision. |
| Function of Ear | Ear is the organ of the sense of hearing. |
| Parts of the ear | - outer ear, middle ear, inner ear. |
| Parts of the outer ear, which you can see | – auricle. It is a cartilage covered by a loose fitting skin. |
| Function of the auricle | – gathering and directing sound waves |
| What separates the outer ear from the inner ear? | Tympanic membrane |
| What is earwax? | Auditory canal is lined with tiny hairs and glands that secrete cerumen, a yellowish waxy substance called earwax. |
| Function of cerumen? | The ear wax or cerumen protect the inner ear from dust and dirt. |
| Why should we not any foreign objects in our ear? | This could push the ear wax towards the eardrum thus imparing it from hearing. |
| What is the middle ear? | Small air-filled chamber located between the tymphanic membrane and the bony wall. |
| Parts of the inner ear | – tymphanic membrane, malleus, incus, stapes, eustachian tube |
| Functions of the ossicles | – transmit vibration from the tymphanic membrane to the oval window. |
| Proprioception | Sense of the body position and movement. Often uses as a test for nervous system damage. |
| Pinna | ear flap, what we see |
| Cochlea | snail shell-shaped cavity |
| Organ of Corti | receptor organ of hearing; runs the length of the cochlea in the cochlear duct |
| Vascular | middle layer of eye. Contains Choroid, Iris, Ciliary body |
| Nervous | inner layer of eye; retina. Contains sensory receptors; rods and cones |
| Anterior chamber | in front of the iris |
| Posterior Chamber | behind the iris |
| Lens | soft transparent, elastic, biconvex |
| Iris | changes pupil size. colored portion of eye |
| Rods | Greys |
| Cones | Color |
Created by:
Abraham321
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