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Mitosis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does cell communication require? | ligand and receptor protein and signal transduction |
| Yes | |
| Ligands can bind to any receptor protein? | |
| What are the 4 mechanisms for communication? | direct signaling, paracrine signaling, endocrine signaling, and synaptic signaling |
| Direct signaling is important in early development? | Yes |
| Where does direct signaling occur? | Plasma membrane |
| Where is paracrine signaling important? | early development and immune system |
| How does paracrine signaling move? | Through fluid |
| Who uses endocrine signaling? | Humans and plants |
| Is endocrine signaling intercellular communication? | Yes |
| Why are endocrine signals long lived? | They have to travel throughout the entire body |
| What is one negative thing that occurs during endocrine signaling? | The hormones that are released from that cell, affect other cells throughout the body |
| During synaptic signaling, nerve cells release the signal(neurotransmitter) which binds to what? | Receptors on nearby cells |
| Yes depending on where it is | |
| What is signal transduction? | The events within the cell that occur in response to a signal |
| Enzyme that removes phosphate from proteins | Phosphatetase |
| Enzyme that adds phosphate groups from add ATP to proteins | Kinase |
| Can be defined by their location and chemical nature of ligands | Receptor Types |
| Where are intracellular receptors found? | |
| Where are cell surface/membrane receptors found? | Outside of the cell |
| What are the 3 subclasses of membrane transporters? | Chemically gated ion channels, enzymatic receptors, and g protein-coupled |
| What do bacteria divide by? | Binary fission |
| Where does replication take place? | Begins at the origin of replication and proceeds bidirectionally to site of termination |
| Yes |