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General Science M06
Apologia General Science, Module 06
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Catastrophism | The view that most of earth's geological features are the result of large-scale catastrophes such as floods, volcanic eruptions, etc. |
| Uniformitarianism | The view that most of earth's geological features are the result of slow, gradual processes that have been at work for millions or even billions of years. |
| Sediments | Sand, silt, minerals and other components of soil (gravel, clay, etc.) |
| Humus | The decayed remains of once-living creatures. |
| Sedimentary rock | Rock formed by the hardening of sediments. |
| Igneous rock | Rock formed by the solidification of molten rock. |
| Metamorphic rock | Sedimentary or igneous rock that has undergone substantial change, generally as the result of heat or pressure. |
| Magma | Molten rock that is underground. |
| Minerals | Inorganic crystalline substances found naturally in the earth. |
| Lamination | A layer of rock less than 1 centimeter thick. |
| Laminae | Several lamination layers that are together. |
| Weathering | The process by which rocks are broken down to form sediments. |
| Physical Weathering | The process by which a rock is broken down without changing the chemical nature of the rock. |
| Chemical Weathering | The process by which a rock is broken down by changing the chemical nature of the rock. |
| Erosion | The process by which rock and soil are broken down and transported away. |
| Delta | A typically fan-shaped area where a river deposits its sediments at its mouth. |
| Groundwater | Water found underneath the surface of the earth. |
| Stalactite | A sediment deposit resembling an icicle and hanging from the roof of a cave. |
| Stalagmite | A sediment deposit resembling pillar and rising from the floor of a cave. |
| Column or Pillar | When stalactites and stalagmites grow together. |
| Unconformity | A surface of erosion that seperates one layer of rock from another. |
| Angular unconformity | An unconformity between strata that are tilted relative to each other. |
| Discomformity | An unconformity between two layers of sedimentary rock. |
| Noncomformity | An unconformity between sedimentary rock and either igneous or metamorphic rock. |
| Paraconformity | An unconformity for which there is no evidence but some geologists think should exist. |
| Intrusion | Veins of igneous rock that shoot right through several layers of sedimentary rock. |
| Sills | Veins of igneous rock that run in the same direction of the strata. |
| Dikes | Veins running perpendicular to the strata. |
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