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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
CHAPTERS 7 TO 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pharmacy/o | Drug or medicine |
| PO | via mouth |
| IV | intravenous |
| IM | intramuscular |
| SC | subcutaneous |
| PR | via rectum |
| SL | sublingual |
| PV | via vagina |
| TOP | topical |
| BD | twice a day |
| TDS | three times a day |
| QDS | four times a day |
| OD | once a day |
| Noctre | night |
| Mane | morning |
| 2/24 | two hourly |
| 6/24 | six hourly |
| 4/24 | four hourly |
| 8/24 | eight hourly |
| What are schedule 8 drugs? | Controlled drugs & poisons for therapeutic use that has potential for abuse & addiction. |
| What is the difference between generic & trade name drugs? | No difference except in packaging & inactive ingredients. Active ingredients remain the same. |
| Analgesic | Cures pain |
| Anti-hypertensive | Lowers blood pressure |
| Anticoagulant | Thins the blood |
| Antihistamine | Blocks the action of histamine |
| Neur | nerve |
| Cephal or cerebr | head |
| Crani | skull |
| Enceph | brain |
| -logy | study of |
| Neurology | Study of the nervous system |
| Analgesia | Medication to relieve pain |
| Anaesthetic | Causes insensitivity to pain |
| Paraplegic | Paralysis of lower body |
| Paraesthesia | Pins & needles |
| Epidural | Anaesthetic around dura matter of spinal cord |
| Encephalitis | Inflammation of the brain |
| CNS | Central nervous system |
| CP | Cerebral palsy |
| EEG | Electroencephalogram |
| MS | Multiple sclerosis |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid |
| CVA | Cerebrovascular accident or stroke |
| LP | Lumbar puncture |
| TIA | Trans ischaemic attack or mini stroke |
| Paralysis affecting both legs? | Paraplegia |
| Paralysis affecting 4 limbs? | Quadriplegia |
| Paralysis of one side of the body? | Hemiplegia |
| Anaencephaly | Skull & cerebral hemisphere of brain removal |
| Epilepsy | Abnormal electrical activity in the brain |
| Sciatica | Pain affecting back, hip & outer side of leg |
| Hydrocephalis | Fluid accumulating in brain |
| Microcephlay | Abnormally small head, incomplete brain |
| CVS | Cardiovascular system |
| GIT | Bowel actions |
| ADH | Antidiuretic hormone |
| GTT | Glucose tolerance test |
| HGH | Human growth hormone |
| TSH | Thyroid stimulating hormone |
| Adrenal crisis | Life threatening condition, not enough cortisol produced |
| Insulin dependent diabetes | Chronic condition, pancreas produces little or no insulin |
| Goitre | Swelling of the neck from enlarged thyroid gland |
| Tetany | Intermittent muscle spasms, malfunction of parathyroid glands |
| Polydipsia | Abnormally great thirst |
| Thyrotoxicosis | Excessive quantities of thyroid hormone |
| Addisons disease | Deficient adrenocortical secretion |
| Diabetes Mellitus type 1 | Not enough insulin produced |
| Diabetes Mellitus type 2 | Long term metabolic disorder |
| Thyroidectomy | Surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland |
| home/o | same |
| estr/o | female |
| crin/o | secrete |
| natr/o | sodium |
| acr/o | extremity |
| -tropic | stimulating |
| glyc/o | sugar |
| kal/o | potassium |
| andr/o | male |
| -dipsia | thirst |
| -ism | process or condition |
| calc/o | calcium |
| hyper- | increase or excessive |
| hypo- | decrease or deficient |
| poly- | many or much |
| A Doctor who specialises in the endocrine system? | Endocrinologist |
| Cardi | heart |
| My | muscle |
| vasc or angi | blood vessel |
| ven or phleb | vein |
| arteri or arter | artery |
| coron | coronary vessel or circle, crown |
| haemat or heme | blood |
| erythr | red |
| thromb | clot |
| leuc | white |
| myel | bone marrow or spinal |
| pericardis | Inflammation of the pericardium (around the heart) |
| Phlebitis | Inflammation of a vein |
| bradycardia | slow pulse rate |
| vasoconstriction | constriction of blood vessels |
| vasodilation | dilation of blood vessels |
| anteriogram | x-ray of blood vessels (arteries) |
| cardiocenthesis | Puncture of heart chamber for diagnosis or therapy |
| brady | slow |
| tachy | fast |
| -aemia | condition of blood |
| -cardia | condition of the heart |
| -logy | study of |
| aneursym | Excessive localised enlargement of an artery |
| asystole | heart ceases to beat |
| cardiac arrest | temporary stoppage of the heart |
| ischaemia | Restriction of blood supply to tissues |
| syncope | loss of consciousness |
| angina pectoris | chest pain |
| AAA | abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| AMI | acute myocardial infarction |
| ECG | electrocardiogram |
| BP | blood pressure |
| DVT | deep vein thrombosis |
| PE | pulmonary embolism |
| CCF | congestive cardiac failure |
| haematoma | localised swelling filled with blood |
| haemorrhage | escape of blood from ruptured vessel |
| leucopenia | low white blood cell count |
| thromboctopenia | low blood platelet count |
| anaemia | less than normal red blood cells |
| path/o | disease |
| The study of diseases? | pathology |
| Specialist who studies diseases? | pathologist |
| haematology | study of the blood |
| immunology | study of immune system |
| biochemistry | study of body electrolytes |
| microbiology | study of microbes |
| C/S | culture & sensitivity |
| MSU | midstream urine sample |
| FBC | full blood count |
| U/A | urine analysis |
| LFT | liver function test |
| venipunture | taking blood from veins |
| pap smear | taking cells from cervix |
| What is culture & sensitivity test? | Finding which antibiotics a microbe is susceptible to |
| in vivo | in the body |
| in vitro | in test tube |
| autopsy | check body after death |
| Full Blood Count | Check full blood analysis |
| Cross match | Find blood group & sample against others |
| U/E | urea & electrolytes |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| radi/o | x-ray |
| ech/o | reflected sound |
| tom/o | slice or section |
| What is a Doctor of medical imaging called? | Radiologist |
| Someone who takes pictures in x-rays? | Radiographer |
| x-ray | electromagnetic radiation |
| CT | computed tomography |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| U/S | ultrasound |
| PET | position emission tomography |
| -graph | instrument for recording something |
| -gram | a written record |
| -oedema | accumulation of fluid in body tissue |
| -rrhaphy | suture |
| -immune | safe |
| lymphadi/o | lymph vessel |
| lymphaden/o | lymph gland |
| -rrhagia | bursting forth |
| auto- | self |
| inter- | between |
| -stitial | to place |
| -megaly | enlargement |
| splen/o | spleen |
| thym/o | thymus gland |
| Organ that filters unwanted material from lymph? | lymph node |
| Leukocytes that eat unwanted material? | phagocytes |
| Lymphoid tissue that stores red blood cells? | spleen |
| Structure in the throat that filters bacteria? | tonsils |
| White blood cells that kill cancerous cells? | T-cells |
| Cells that produce antibodies? | B-cells |
| Accumulation of fluid in body tissue? | oedema |
| Any substance causing an allergic reaction? | allergen |
| Abnormal hypersensitivity to an allergen? | allergy |
| bronchitis | Inflammation of the breathing tubes |
| bronchoscopy | Technique to look inside airways |
| laryngoscopy | A flexible, lighted tube used to examine inside the larynx |
| pharyngotomy | Surgical incision into the throat |
| apnoea | Transient stopping of breathing |
| spirometry | A test to diagnose diseases of the lungs |
| bronch/o | bronchus |
| muc/o | mucus |
| thorac/o | chest |
| pleur/o | pleural cavity |
| trache/o | trachea |
| -ptysis | spitting |
| tonsill/o | tonsils |
| ox/o | oxygen |
| -ectasis | dilation |
| pector/o | chest |
| phren/o | diaphragm |
| olig/o | few |
| pulmon/o | lung |
| rhin/o | nose |
| -ar | pertaining to |
| eu- | normal |
| ortho- | straight |
| -phonia | voice |
| Root word meaning a condition of breathing? | -pnoea |
| Root word meaning pulse? | -sphyxia |
| Why is it important to adhere to Policies & Procedures while working in health care? | A high level of patient care; Keep nurses on task; Safety for patients & staff; Ensures patients receive the care they need; Ensures nurses can work quickly to stabalise a patient; Prioritising critical issues. |
| Name some of the legislation & nursing codes of practice in Australia? | Drugs, Poisons & Controlled Substances Act; Mental Health Act; Nurses Act; Coroners Act; Health Professions Registration Act; Anti Discrimination Laws; Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia; Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia; OSH. |
| What is the AHPRA & some of it's functions? | Responsible for the national registration & accreditation scheme across Australia. It works with 14 National Health Practitioner Boards. It undertakes domestic & International criminal history checks. |
| stomat or 'or' | mouth |
| gastr | stomach |
| enter | intestine |
| col | colon |
| chol | bile |
| lapar | abdomen |
| hepet | liver |
| gastroscopy | Examination of upper digestive tract |
| gingivitis | Inflammation of the gums |
| enteropathy | Excessive loss of enteric plasma proteins |
| gastroscopy | Visual examination of the stomach |
| pancreatitis | Inflammation of the pancreas |
| Surgical procedure where large intestine is brought through abdominal wall? | colostomy |
| Surgical procedure making large incision through the abdominal wall? | laparotomy |
| anorexia | no appetite |
| ascites | accumulation of fluid |
| cirrhosis | destruction of |
| malaena | bleeding in gastro tract |
| occult blood | hidden blood |
| cholelithiasis | Little stones in gall bladder |
| cholecystitis | Inflammation of the gall bladder |
| D & V | diarrhoea & vomiting |
| NG | nasal gastric |
| NBM | nil by mouth |
| BNO | bowels not open |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
| UC | ulcerative colitis |
| Ba | Barrium |
| -tripsy | crushing |
| cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
| stomat/o | mouth |
| -flux | flow |
| cholang/o | bile duct |
| lapar/o | abdomen |
| choledoch/o | common bile duct |
| hepat/o | liver |
| gingiv/o | gums |
| labi/o | lips |
| gloss | tongue |
| ile/o | ileum |
| orex/o | appetite |
| -emesis | vomiting |
| -phagia | swallowing |
| -stomy | new opening |
| mal- | bad |
| Colour for Medical Emergency | BLUE |
| Colour for Fire/Smoke | RED |
| Colour for Infrastructure Emergency | YELLOW |
| Colour for Personal Threat | BLACK |
| Colour for Bomb Threat | PURPLE |
| Colour for External Emergency | BROWN |
| Colour for Evacuation | ORANGE |
| dia | through/complete |
| -plasia | formation/development |
| py/o | pus |
| pyel/o | renal pelvis |
| vesic/o | bladder |
| meat/o | opening of urethra |
| noct/o | night |
| lith/o | stone |
| -lysis | separation/breakdown |
| -uria | condition of urine |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| IVP | intravenous pyelogram |
| anuria | absence of urine |
| dysuria | painful urination |
| haematuria | blood in the urine |
| glycosuria | abnormal amounts of sugar in the urine |
| pyuria | pus in the urine |
| nocturia | excessive urination during the night |
| polyuria | frequent urination |
| orchid/o | testicle |
| varic/o | dilated, twisted veins |
| -potence | power |
| -spadias | opening |
| -cele | protrusion/hernia |
| balan/o | glans penis |
| ante- | before |
| episio- | vulva |
| colp/o | vagina |
| gyne/o | woman |
| salping/o | fallopian tube |
| men/o | month |
| -arche | beginning |
| metr/o | uterus |
| oophor/o | ovary |
| -rrhaphy | birthing forth |
| lact/o | milk |
| mamm/o | breast |
| Another name for bulbourethral gland? | Cowpers gland |
| The urinary meatus is also known as? | urethral oriface |
| Tip of the penis is called? | glans penis |
| The sac containing the testes is called? | scrotum |
| Another name for foreskin? | prepuce |
| Tube carrying semen from testes to urethra? | vas deferens |
| Secretes oestrogen & progesterone? | ovary |
| Holds the foetus during pregnancy? | uterus |
| Lubricates the vagina during intercourse? | bartholins |
| Transports the egg to the uterus? | fallopian tubes |
| Ovulation occurs in? | ovaries |
| Acts as the birth canal? | vagina |
| # | fracture |
| a.c. | before meals |
| ADL | activities of daily living |
| AF | atrial fibrillation |
| AKA | above knee amputation |
| ARF | acute renal failure |
| BCC | basal cell carcinoma |
| c/o | complaining of |
| CA | cancer |
| a- or an- | absent or without |
| ab- | away from |
| ad- | towards |
| ecto- | outside |
| endo- | inside |
| epi- | above/upon |
| -ac | pertaining to |
| -aesthenia | lack of strength |
| -centhesis | puncture to remove fluid |
| -crine | to secrete |
| -emesis | vomiting |
| eu- | normal/good |
| ex- | out of |
| hemi- | half |
Created by:
Sarah7cog
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