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Science 9 Final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Democritus's Uncuttable Atom | 1900's, first atomic model, round ball |
| Thomson Plum Pudding Model | 1904, second atomic model, positive atoms contained evenly embedded electrons |
| Rutherford Model | 1911, third atomic model, positive nucleus surrounded by empty space with electrons |
| Bohr Model | 1913, fourth atomic model, electrons travel in fixed orbit around nucleus, which contains protons/neutrons |
| Electron Cloud Model | Current atomic model, electrons surround proton/neutron nucleus and don't travel in a fixed orbit |
| Proton | Positive subatomic particle |
| Electron | Negative subatomic particle |
| Neutron | Neutral subatomic particle |
| Charging By Contact | The process of transferring charge by touching or rubbing |
| Charging By Induction | The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby charged object |
| The Law of Conservation of Charge | Charge can be neither created nor destroyed, only transferred |
| Electric Current | The net movement of electric charges in a single direction |
| Voltage Difference | Measured in volts (v), high voltage --> low voltage |
| Circuit | A closed path that electric current follows |
| Resistance | The tendency of a material to oppose the flow of electrons, changing electrical energy into thermal/light energy |
| Increased Resistance | Temperature increase, wire length increase, wire thinness increase, nature of metal (natural high or low resistance) |
| Series Circuit | A circuit with only one path for electrons |
| Parallel Circuit | A circuit with more than one path for energy to flow |
| Closed Circuit | A circuit with no breaks |
| Open Circuit | A circuit with one or more breaks |
| Fuse | A strip of metal that melts when a current becomes too high/hot |
| Circuit Breaker | A piece of metal that bends when the current is too high, causing it to flip a switch and open the circuit |
| Magnetic Force | Increases as magnets get closer and decreases as they get further away |
| Magnetic Domains | Groups of atoms with aligned magnetic poles |
| Magnetic Force Flows... | North-->south |
| Permanent Magnet | Has lined up domains, can be removed of magnetic behavior if heated |
| Electromagnet | A temporary magnet made by wrapping a wire coil carrying an electric current |
| Solenoid | A single wire wrapped into a cylindrical wire coil |
| Electric Motor | A device that changes electrical energy into mechanical energy |
| Electromagnet Induction | The generation of a current by a changing mechanical field |
| Generator | Uses electromagnet induction to transform mechanical energy into electrical energy |
| Atomic Number | Tells position on table & number of protons (if neutral, also electrons) |
| Mass Number | The total number of protons and neutrons |
| Valence Electrons | Electrons in the outer shell |
Created by:
2020mdavis
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