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Heredity/Genetics
vocabulary review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | contains genes; one set of chromosomes is passed to the offspring |
| Gene | DNA; contains hereditary material passed to the offspring |
| Alleles | two forms of a gene (everyone has two) 1. Gene for eye color (blue eye allele/green eye allele) 2. Parent passes one allele to the offspring ( random as to which one gets passed) 3. Each sex cell contains one allele (formed by meiosis) |
| Dominant Allele | the form of the gene that is always expressed |
| Recessive Allele | the form of the gene that is only expressed when both alleles are recessive |
| Phenotype | an organism's appearance |
| Genotype | an organism's inherited combination of alleles |
| Heterozygous | (hybrid) the organism has two different forms of an allele |
| Homozygous | (pure) the organism has two of the same type of alleles |
| Ratio | the probability of an organism inheriting a phenotype |