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Unit 15

Speciation

QuestionAnswer
Species A population of organisms which is reproductively isolated from other populations of organisms
Speciation The evolution of reproductive isolation in two populations which previously interbred
Reproductive Isolation The inability of populations to interbred such as to produce a merger of separate gene pools.
Allopatric Speciation occurs in two separate areas Usually involving some geographic barrier i.e. river, canyon, open ocean, mountain range think allocate
Sympatric Speciation occurs in the same area Usually involves some sudden mutation Think same
Parapatric Speciation occurs in two adjacent areas Anthoxanthum is an example
Be able to identify the significance of reproductive isolation to speciation allows species to mate and productive viable offspring
Temporal isolation Two species mate at different times of the year or the day Think time Maryland Giant is an example Pre-zygotic
Habitat Isolation Two species reproduce in different habitats Pre-zygotic
Behavioral Isolation Songs, dance behaviors, visual cues Pre-zygotic
Mechanical Isolation anatomical differences that prevent species from interbreeding species are only built to mate with their own species. Pre-zygotic
Gametic incompatability Egg and sperm cells do not chemically recognize each other Pre-zygotic
Zygote (hybrid) mortality Sperm and egg fuse but the offspring fail to develop Post-zygotic
Hybrid Sterility the two species mate, produce offspring, but the offspring are not fertile Post-zygotic Example: Liger, Mule
Hybrid Inviability the hybrid offspring cannot survive long enough to reproduce Post-zygotic
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