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Oceans Study Guide

Mrs.Tate's 8th grade quiz study guide

QuestionAnswer
Salinity The measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a given amount of liquid. Measured in parts per thousand (ppt)
Thermocline A layer in a body of water in which water temperature drops with increased depth faster than other layers.
Pack ice A floating layer of sea ice that completely covers an area of the ocean surface.
Density The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance. Measured in g/cm3 (solids) g/mL (liquids)
What are three main dissolved gases found in ocean water? Nitrogen (N2) Oxygen (O2) Carbon dioxide (CO2
What are the four ways that gases can enter the ocean water? 1. From streams and rivers 2. Underwater volcanoes 3. From the atmosphere 4. Given off by marine organisms
What is the relationship between water temperature and the amount of dissolved gases it contains? Colder water contains more dissolved gases.
What is the relationship between the temperature and density of ocean water. Colder water is more dense.
What are the two factors that influence the salinity of ocean water? Precipitation and evaporation.
Surface current A horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind, and that occurs at or near the ocean surface.
Deep current A stream like movement of water far beneath the surface.
Trade winds Global winds between 0 and 30 degrees latitude.
Westerlies Global winds between 30 and 60 degrees latitude
Coriolis effect The curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth's rotation.
Gyre A huge circle of moving ocean water above or below the equator.
Sargasso Sea A vast area of calm, warm water in the middle of the North Atlantic gyre. Named after Sargassum, a type of seaweed, that floats on the water.
Antarctic circumpolar current World's largest current, also called the west wind drift. Cold current; surface current.
Equatorial countercurrent Weak eastward-flowing current that runs in the opposite direction of the equatorial currents. Warm current; surface current.
Gulf stream Fast moving, surface current that flows up along the east coast of the U.S.
North Atlantic current Follows the gulf stream. Warm surface current.
Antarctic bottom water Cold, deep current. Slow moving. Moves northward along the bottom of the ocean from Antarctica.
Created by: SarahVanDam16
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