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Science Exam
7th Grade Final Exam Science Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abiotic Matter | matter that makes up the nonliving parts of an ecosystem, such as air, water, and rocks |
| Adaptive Trait | a trait that makes it more likely that an individual will survive in a specific environment |
| Atom | the tiny pieces that all matter—all the stuff in the world—is made of |
| Biodome | a closed ecosystem made by humans |
| Biotic Matter | matter that makes up the living and dead organisms in an ecosystem |
| Carbon | a type of atom (a tiny piece) that makes up molecules such as carbon dioxide and energy storage molecules |
| Carbon Dioxide | a molecule made of carbon and oxygen atoms |
| Cellular Respiration | the chemical reaction between oxygen and glucose that releases energy into cells |
| Chloroplast | the part of a cell where photosynthesis happens |
| Chromosome | a long piece of DNA that contains many genes |
| Consumer | an organism that needs to eat in order to get energy storage molecules (such as starch and fat) |
| Decomposer | an organism that gets energy storage molecules (such as glucose) by breaking down dead matter |
| DNA | a type of molecule that genes and chromosomes are made of |
| Ecosystem | all the living and nonliving things interacting in a particular area |
| Environment | everything (living and nonliving) that surrounds an organism |
| Feature | a characteristic that all members of a species have, which varies between organisms |
| Fertilization | when a male and female reproductive cell combine to create an offspring |
| Function | how something works |
| Gene | an instruction for making a protein molecule |
| Heterozygous | having gene versions that are different |
| Histogram | a graph that uses bars to show how characteristics or values are distributed within a group |
| Homozygous | having gene versions that are the same |
| Inherit | to receive genes from a parent |
| Mitochondria | the part of a cell where cellular respiration happens |
| Mutation | a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait |
| Natural Selection | the process by which the distribution of traits in a population changes over many generations |
| Non-adaptive Trait | a trait that makes it less likely that an individual will survive in a specific environment |
| Nucleus | the part of a cell where genes are found |
| Photosynthesis | the process by which plants and other producers use energy from sunlight to change carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose (an energy storage molecule) |
| Population | a group of the same type of organism living in the same area |
| Predator | an animal that hunts and kills other animals for food |
| Prey | an animal that is hunted or killed by another animal for food |
| Producer | an organism that can make its own energy storage molecules (such as glucose) |
| Protein Molecule | a type of large molecule that performs important functions inside organisms |
| Ribosome | the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes |
| Sexual Reproduction | the process of parents creating offspring; sperm and egg cells combine to create the first cell of an offspring |
| Species | a group of organisms of the same kind (in one or more populations) that do not reproduce with organisms from any other group |
| Structure | the way something is shaped or constructed |
| Trait | a specific characteristic of an individual organism |
| Variation | any difference in traits between individual organisms |
Created by:
wthornton
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