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Chapter 22

"The Origin of Species" Evolutionary Biology, BIOL 152 CSU Chico

QuestionAnswer
sympatric species that occur together
gene pools all alleles present in a species
biological species concept "...groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations which are reproductively isolated from other such groups."
reproductively isolated populations whose members do not mate with each other or who cannot produce fertile offspring
reproductive isolating mechanisms prevent genetic exchange between organisms
prezygotic isolating mechanisms prevent the formation of zygotes
pheromones chemical signals
reinforcement improvement of isolating mechanisms resulting in complete reproductive isolation
polyploidy produces individuals that have more than two sets of chromosomes
autoploidy all of the chromosomes come from a single species
allopolyploidy two species hybridize
adaptive radiation groups of closely related species that have recently evolved from a common ancestor and have adapted to their environments
key innovation evolves within a species allowing it to use resources that it couldnt use before
gradualism evolution occured very slowly
stasis little or no evolutionary change
punctuated equilibrium long periods of stasis punctuated with small bursts of evolution
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