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Human Bio Chapt 13
Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sensory Neurons: | collect and relay info about stimuli to the spinal cord and brain |
| Interneurons: | located in the spinal cord and brain, receive and process sensory input and send signals to other neurons |
| Motor neurons: | relay signals from interneurons to the body's effectors, muscles and glands, that carry out the specific responses |
| Neuroglia: | help to maintain concentrations of vital ions in the fluid around the neurons, protect neurons, and provide insulation that allows signal to move rapidly. |
| The action potential refers to: | "depolarization"-an abrupt brief reversal in the resting membrane potential across the neuron plasma membrane (nerve impulse). |
| Sodium-potassium pumps do what? | actively transport potassium in and sodium out using energy from ATP |
| Chemical synapse: | stores neurotransmitter molecules in synaptic vesicles in its cytoplasm. |
| Central Nervous System (CNS) | made up of the spinal cord and brain |
| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | Everything else that conducts nerve impulses outside the brain and spinal cord. |
| Somatic | a subdivision of the PNS-nerves that carry signals to and from skeletal muscles, tendons, and skin. Related to movements. |
| Automic | a subdivision of the PNS-nerves that carry signals to and from internal organs such as the gut, heart, and glands. |
| Sympathetic Nerves: | deals with fight or flight responses |
| Parasympathetic Nerves: | deals with ease and feast responses |
| Cerebral cortex: | largest structure in the human brain, deals with memory, abstract thought, sensory motor, and special senses |
| Thalamus: | is the relay station for incoming signals |
| Hypothalamus: | nerve cell bodies that release hormones, coordinates nervous and endocrine control |
| Pituitary gland: | the anterior and posterior lobes, the "master" endocrine gland |
| Limbic system: | a part of forebrain-integrates memory, base emotions, and appetites with cerebrum |
| Midbrain: | tectum-reflex coordination to sight and sound input |
| Hindbrain: | pons, cerebellum, medulla oblogata- deals with circulatory and respiratory reflexes, fine motor coordination |
| Reticular Activating System (RAS) | controls levels of consciousness |
| Brain cavities and canals: | cushions the CNS from injury and helps to nourish the brain |
Created by:
taylorvv
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