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BIOL 1103 - Week 4

Kelly's Stack - Week 4

QuestionAnswer
Define Homeostasis and its importance to the body. Condition where body's internal environment remains relatively constant. Importance: If conditions change, then enzymes can't perform their chemical reactions at same rate, which can cause illness or death.
What are the 3 conditions that must be fulfilled for homeostasis? 1) Proper Concentration of Water 2) Optimum Temperature 3) Optimum Pressure
Define Internal environment Extracellular Fluid (fluid within body, but outside of cells)
Explain the importance of: Extracellular Fluid, Intracellular Fluid and Plasma Extracellular Fluid is the internal environment. Intracellular fluid gets nuitrients from and expels wastes to extracellular fluid. Plasma is extracellular fluid in blood that exchanges materials with fluids in tissues in region of capillaries.
Explain the importance of interstitial fluid and lymph Interstitial fluid is intercellular fluid in tissue, derived from plasma and intracellular fluid. Lymph is derived from interstitial (tissue) fluid, collects to lymph vessels then drains to veins close to heart for filtration.
Define Stress and give 2 examples of internal and external Stress: Any stimuli that causes and imbalance in internal environment. External Stressors: Lack of o2, Extremes in temperature. Internal Stressors: Changes in blood Pressure, changes in levels of nutrients (eg. blood sugar)
Explain negative feedback and its role in homeostasis The output is opposite of the input to restore status of factor back to status before stress. Importance: Method of maintaining balance (homeostasis)
what are the components of the inegumentary system? Skin and derivatives: hair, glands, nails, specialized sensory receptors (detect touch, pressure, temperature and pain)
Why is skin considered to be an organ? Has different tissues joined together in layers that allows skin to perform specific functions. (fits definition of organ)
What are the 6 major functions of skin and it's associated structures? 1) Protection 2) Body temperature regulation 3) Sensation 4) Excretion 5) Converts vitamin D to its most active form 6) Immunity to disease
Identify the 5 layers of epidermis of skicontains keratohyalin 4) Stratum Spinn 1) Stratum Corneum - outer layer, nucleous replaced w/keratin. 2) Stratum Lucidum: Only thick skin, flat dead cells. 3) Stratum Granulosum: 3-5 rows flattened cells, has keratohyalin 4) Stratum Spinosum: 8-10rows thick 5) Stratum Basale: deepest
Identify and describe the 2 layers of the dermis of thebres. Provides network for strength, f skibres. Provides network for strength, fn 1) Papillary Region: outer layer, papillae (finger like projections) contain blood vessels and some sensory structures. 2) Reticular Layer: Connective tissue containing collageneus + elastic fibres. Forms network for strength, flexibility + elasticity
Specify the function of Keratinocytes and Melanocytes Keratinocyte: Cells that undergo keratinization that helps waterproof and protect skin + deeper tissues. Melanocyte: cells that produce melanin, responsible for skin colour, deeper layers of epidermis, protects against UV light.
Specify the function of: hair, sebaceous gland, sudoriferous gland Hair: Protection (scalp from sun, eyes from dust), Sebaceous Gland: secretes oil into hair follicles, keeps hair + skin from drying out, toxic to some bacteria. Sudoriferous gland: Sweat glands (temp regulation, waste excretion)
Specify the function of the Ceruminous gland and nails Ceruminous gland: Modified sweat gland in ear, produces ear wax to protect ear from insects and bacteria. Nails: Hard, keratinized cells (for gripping, protects fingers, defense)
Created by: kellychristie
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