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EBP Chapter 6 M4
Formulating Hypotheses and Research Questions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Complex hypothesis | A statement explaining and/or predicting relationships between two or more independent and dependent variables |
| Dependent variable | A variable that is observed for changes or to assess the possible effect of a treatment or manipulation; may be the effect or outcome of an experimental procedure; also referred to as a criterion or outcome variable. Usually symbolized by the letter Y |
| Directional hypothesis | A hypothesis that makes a specific prediction about the direction of the relationship between two variables |
| Extraneous variable | A variable that is not controlled for in a study, threatening the internal validity of the study. Can affect your outcome without you wanting it to |
| Hypothesis | A statement about the relationship between the variables that are being investigated |
| Independent variable | A variable that is manipulated and controlled by the researcher; also called a predictor variable. Usually symbolized by the letter X. This is what is changed! Affects the dependent variable |
| Nondirectional hypothesis | A hypothesis that does not stipulate in advance the direction and nature of the relationship between two variables |
| Null hypothesis (H) | A hypothesis stating that no relationship or difference exists between two variables. Also called statistical hypothesis |
| Research hypothesis (H1 or Ha) | A hypothesis stating a relationship or difference between two variables. Also called an alternative, declarative, or scientific hypothesis |
| Research Questions | A concise, interrogative statement written in the present tense including one or more variables |
| Simple hypothesis | A statement explaining and/or predicting a relationship between one independent and one dependent variable |
| Variable | A measurable characteristic that varies among the subjects being studied |
| Operational Definition | Further describes the variables, to make it more clear. Ex: When you say "lung function", what exactly are you talking about? Expansion? Etc. This is so everybody knows what the terms mean |
| Purpose Statement | Explains why the study is being done (the reason, the purpose) |
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