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SOPN Breast STD
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mammography | Only rliable test to detect breast ca, 90 accutate, before lump starts |
| Base Line Mammography what age>? | 35 - 40 |
| NI Mammorgraphy | Inform mild discomfortk, schedule middle of menstural cycle, decrease salt one week before, refrain from caffeine 2 days prior. |
| Do not use on day of Mammography? | Deodorant or powder |
| What age mammorgrapm testing after 50 | Every year |
| Edge Contrast test identifiying minute calcifications in breast? | Xeroradiography: image electronically rather than checmically decreased exposure and loser energy than ordinary x-ray. |
| Film Blue & White, aluminum plate is used. | Xeroradiography |
| High frequency sound wave differentiate solid & Cystic fluid filled mases and to locate cystes before needle aspiratio | Ultrasound |
| Tumor with cavities or sacs containing semisolid or liquid material | Cystic Tumor |
| Fine needle/aspiration biopsy if suspected containing fluid | Aspiration, the mass will collapse when the fluid is removed. Positive will have biopsy. |
| Wide needle biopsy | Tell whether the tumor is benign or malignant. |
| Lumpectomy | Where the entire mass is removed is called a lumpectormy. |
| Sample of tissue is immediately frozen and is examined fro microscopic review within minutes | Frozen Section |
| Permanent Section | Takes 24-48 hours. More reliable than frozen. |
| Excessive growth of breast tissue as result of hormonal imbalance | Cystic Hyperplasia |
| When is cystic hyperplasia pain felt | A week before menses and decrease with onset of menses. |
| causitive factor cystic hyperplasia | Estrogen hormone or caffeine maybe |
| where in breast is cystic hyperplasia found | upper outer quad, come and go, increase and decrease in size. |
| Begnign epithelia tumor of the breast *non painful/tender mass* | Fibroadenoma: freely moveable more common under age 25 African American Women |
| TX Fibroadenoma | Surgical excision with patient under local anethesia |
| Second leading cause of cancer in women | Breast Cancer, fixed lump common upper outer quad Increase risk within families. |
| High risk group for Breast Cancer | Ca somewhere else, early menarche, late menopause, nulliparity, or first birth after 30. Obesity 20>. Maybe estrogen |
| Tumor estrogen activitiy classified | Estrogen receptor positive or estrogen negative |
| What is Tamoxifen | Anti Estrogen is given to slow the growth or stop increase in growth |
| S/S Breast Cancer | `Pain, discoloration, enlargement, orange peel nipple |
| Diagnosis Breast Cancer | Mammography, Thermography, cancer generates more heat than surrounding tissue |
| Modified Radical Mastectomy | Removal of the entire breast, pectoralis minor & adjacent lymph nodes. Perserves pectoral muscles. |
| Radical Mastectomy | Removal of the entire breast, pectoral muscles & Axilliary lymph nodes (rarely done) |
| Patient Teaching Breast Mastecotomy | No Sun, injections, vaccinations, bp, nick, elastics, watches, report any swelling in arm |
| Raditiation with mastectomy | After du to micro-metastasis occurring with patients normal axillary node. |
| When is Tamoxifen contraidicated? | Women premenopausal with positive lymph nodes.Is reccommended to women with postive hormone receptors. |
| Side Effects of Tamoxifen | Expensive, well tolerated, hot flashes and nausea and weight gain |
| Treatment of a patient with advanced breast cancer with signs and symptoms of metastais | Chemotherapy: Cytoxan, methotrexate, Flurouracil. |
| Nursing Care after mastectomy | Semi Fowlers, check site for infection, drainage, CMS, Hemovac or Penrose for drainage. Elevate arm to prevent edema. |
| lymphedema | accumulation of lymphatic fluid that can occur in the arm of affected side from severing of lymphatic blood vessels |
| Secondary Lymphedema | Inflammation of the lymphatic vessels or obstruction of the lymph flow also from infection or injury |
| Nursing Care after Lymphedema | Elevate are 45-60 degress through day. Low salt diet, diuretics. Elastic arm sleeve to assist venous return. |
| Discharge Teaching Mastectomy | Household excercises, mop, sweep, comb hair no sun use gloves, thimble to prevent injury. keep arm clean |
| Paget Disease | Breast cancer of the nipple, from nipple to areola SS: itching, swelling, discharge, nipple retration. DX: Biopsy TX: mastectomy |
| Initial Phase of Rape Exam | |
| Main Phase of Rape Exam | |
| Final Phase of Rape Exam |
Created by:
keldog09
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