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Biology
Dynamic Equilibrium Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hormones | Chemical messages produced by endocrine glands that travel in the bloodstream |
| Pathogens | Any harmful invaders of the body, like bacteria, fungi, or viruses. Also called germs |
| Antigen | Proteins on viruses, bacteria and other pathogens that the immune system recognizes as "bad" |
| Antibodies | Proteins produced by the immune system used to recognize pathogens and mark them for destruction |
| HIV | The Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It weakens the immune system so illnesses occur easily. |
| Vaccine | Injection of a weakened virus into body, causes immune system to produce antibodies against it |
| Antibiotics | Drugs that kill bacteria |
| Disease | Failure of the human body to maintain homeostasis |
| Neurotransmitter | Chemicals messages produced by neurons that allow nerve cells to communicate |
| Homeostasis | Stable internal conditions despite constantly changing environment. |
| How does the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM maintain homeostasis | Regulates the body's condition, the working of organs in the body |
| What chemicals are secreted by the glands of the endocrine system? | Hormones (Insulin, glucagon) |
| How does the endocrine system regulate blood sugar? | If sugar is high- pancreas releases insulin so cells use glucose to decrease blood sugar If below set point- pancreas releases glucagon to make liver release stored glucose to increase blood sugar |
| How does the NERVOUS SYSTEM maintain homeostasis | Coordinates and controls the cells, tissues and organs such as the SPINAL CHORD, BRAIN AND NEURONS (NERVE CELLS) |
| How does the IMMUNE SYSTEM maintain homeostasis | Protects the body from harmful pathogens |
| How does white-blood cells prevent the disruption of homeostasis? | Attacks harmful pathogens or foreign chemicals that may disrupt homeostasis |
| What are in VACCINES | Dead or weakened viruses OR antigens extracted from pathogens itslef |
| How do vaccines protect the body? | The immune system detects the weakened pathogen, it will start to create ANTIBODIES to fight that specific pathogen, antibody will fit the ANTIGEN and remember them as BAD and tell the immune system on how to deal with it |
| What is an allergic reaction? | The immune system reacting to something that is usually a harmless substance or organism. |
Created by:
Nichita
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