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Geraud Chapter 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| species | group of organisms that share similar characteristics and can reproduce among themselves |
| evolution | change in inherited characteristics over time |
| natural selection | a process by which organisms with traits best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce |
| variation | inherited trait that makes an individual different from other members of the same species |
| adaptation | any variation that makes an organism better suited to its environment |
| gradualism | model describing evolution as a slow process by which one species changes into a new species through a series of mutations |
| punctuated equilibrium | model describing the rapid evolution that occurs when mutation of a few genes results in a species suddenly changing into a new species |
| camouflage | adaptation in which coloring of organism blends into its environment |
| survival of the fittest | organisms with the best traits survive and reproduce |
| Lamark's theory of evolution | traits acquired during a parent's lifetime are passed on to offspring |
| Darwin's theory of evolution | mutations occur with offspring and if they are advantageous the organism survives and reproduces, over time a new species can evolve |
| sedimentary rock | a type of rock in which fossils are found, forms from mud, sand and silt |
| radiometric dating | calculating the age of a rock layer using radioactive elements |
| embryology | study of embryos and their development |
| homologous | body parts that are similar in structure and origin and can be similar in function |
| vestigial structures | structure that doesn't seem to have a function and may once have functioned in the ancestor |
| relative dating | older rocks lie below younger rocks |
| fossils | remains of an organism, could be bone, footprints, or cast of body |
| primate | group of mammals including humans, monkeys, and apes that share characteristics such as opposable thumbs and flexible shoulders |
| hominid | humanlike primate that appeared about 4 million to 6 million years ago |
| Homo sapiens | early humans that likely evolved from Cro-Magnons |
| wise human | meaning of Homo sapien |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, molecule that contains instructions for making an organism |
| opposable thumb | thumb can touch fingers on same hand, adaptation for grasping and climbing |
| "Lucy" | name given to female Australopithecus skeleton found in Africa |
| Cro-Magnon | hominid that was very human like, most likely ancestor to Homo sapien |
Created by:
geraud.aaron
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