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Rentz Ecology
Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abiotic factors | A nonliving part of an organisms habitat/ecosystem |
| Biotic factors | A living or once living part of an organism’s habitat/ecosystem |
| Community | All the different populations that live together in a particular area |
| Consumer | An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms |
| Decomposer | An organism that gets its energy by breaking down biotic wastes & dead organisms, and returns raw materials to the soil and water |
| Ecosystem | The community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving environment |
| Energy pyramid | A diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web |
| Food chain | A series of events in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| Food web | The pattern of overlapping food chains among the various organisms in an ecosystem |
| Habitat | An environment that provides the things specific organisms need to live, grow, and reproduce |
| Niche | How an organism makes its living & interacts with the biotic & abiotic factors in its habitat |
| Population | All the members of one species living in the same area |
| Predator | The organism that does the killing in a predation interaction |
| Prey | An organisms that is killed & eaten by another organism in a predation interaction |
| Producers | An organism that can make its own food |
| Adaptation | An inherited behavior or physical characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment |
| Aggression | A threatening behavior that one animal uses to gain control over another animal |
| Birth Rate | The number of births per 1000 individuals for a certain time period |
| Carrying capacity | The largest population that a particular environment can support |
| Circadian behavior/rhythm | A behavior cycle that occurs over a period of about one day |
| Competition | The struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resources in the same place at the same time |
| Courtship behavior | The behavior in which males and females of the same species engage to prepare for mating |
| Death rate | The number of deaths per 1000 individuals for a certain time period |
| Emigration | Movement of individuals out of a population’s area |
| Hibernation | An animal’s state of greatly reduced activity that occurs during winter |
| Immigration | Movement of individuals into a population’s area |
| Limiting factor | An environmental factor that causes a population to decrease in size |
| Natural Selection | The process by which organisms that are best suited/adapted to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce |
| Pheromone | A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior of another animal of the same species |
| Pioneer species | The first species to populate an area during succession |
| Population density | The number of individuals in an area of a specific size |
| Primary succession | The series of changes that occur in an area where no soil or organisms exist. |
| Society | A group of closely related animal of the same species that work together in a highly organized way for the benefit of the group |
| Succession | The series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time |
| Territory | An area that is occupied and defended by an animal or group of animals |
| Species | group of organisms that share most characteristics and can breed with one another |
| Natural hazard | is a disturbance caused by nature. Ex. landslides, wildfires, and floods |
| Landslide | is a large movement of the ground, including rock, soil, and other debris, down a slope due to gravity |
| Wildfire | is a fire in a wild area such as a forest or a prarie |
| Flood | where normally dry land becomes covered by water |
| Soil | the uppermost layer of the Earth. It is a mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic matter, air, and water. |
| Soil Horizons | layers of soil |
| Soil Profile | all the soil horizons of an area. |
| Sand | largest particle of soil |
| Gravel | rock particles larger that 2 mm |
| Silt | medium size soil particles |
| Clay | smallest size soil particles |
| Groundwater | water that soaks into and collects underneath Earth's surface |
| Zone of aeration | area beneath the soil's surface where water can collect |
| Aquifers | water stored in rock layers that is often pumped to the surface for human use |
| Surface water | water on the Earth's surface |
| Drainage Basin | area of land that drains into a river or stream. Also known as a watershed |
| Natural Resources | naturally occurring materials and energy that organisms use. Sunlight, water, oxygen, fossil fuels |
| Renewable Resource | resources that can be replaced by nature. Air, freshwater, soil, living things, sunlight. |
| Nonrenewable resource | resources who's supply can be used up or exhausted |
| Fossil fuels | energy resources that formed from the remains of organisms that died millions of years ago. Coal, oil and natural gas. |
Created by:
ChadRentz
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